This study investigates the synthesis and characterization of Ba$_{0.95}$Ca$_{0.05}$Sn$_x$Ti$_{1-x}$O$_3$ (BCST) composites with varying Sn dopant concentrations (x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, and 0.1). The composites were prepared using a standard solid-state reaction approach. The microstructure, sintering, morphology, density, optical, and electrical characteristics were examined, and the dielectric performance was optimized. The introduction of Sn dopants altered the crystal lattice vibrations and functional group locations, leading to variations in unit cell size. SEM micrographs showed changes in the homogeneous structure and irregular shapes as Sn concentration increased, with a notable increase in average grain size. The 0.08-Sn specimen exhibited an optimal crystallite size of 45.69 nm and an average grain size of 0.66 μm. The dielectric constant (ε) of the 0.08-Sn specimen reached an optimal value of 5557, with a relative decrease in the Curie-Weiss constant. These results indicate that modifying the Sn doping level significantly enhanced the dielectric characteristics of the BCST composites. However, excessive Sn doping reduced dielectric properties due to a reduction in the tetragonal phase and an increase in disorder and charge fluctuations. The study highlights the importance of optimizing the Sn doping level to achieve the best dielectric performance in BCST composites.This study investigates the synthesis and characterization of Ba$_{0.95}$Ca$_{0.05}$Sn$_x$Ti$_{1-x}$O$_3$ (BCST) composites with varying Sn dopant concentrations (x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, and 0.1). The composites were prepared using a standard solid-state reaction approach. The microstructure, sintering, morphology, density, optical, and electrical characteristics were examined, and the dielectric performance was optimized. The introduction of Sn dopants altered the crystal lattice vibrations and functional group locations, leading to variations in unit cell size. SEM micrographs showed changes in the homogeneous structure and irregular shapes as Sn concentration increased, with a notable increase in average grain size. The 0.08-Sn specimen exhibited an optimal crystallite size of 45.69 nm and an average grain size of 0.66 μm. The dielectric constant (ε) of the 0.08-Sn specimen reached an optimal value of 5557, with a relative decrease in the Curie-Weiss constant. These results indicate that modifying the Sn doping level significantly enhanced the dielectric characteristics of the BCST composites. However, excessive Sn doping reduced dielectric properties due to a reduction in the tetragonal phase and an increase in disorder and charge fluctuations. The study highlights the importance of optimizing the Sn doping level to achieve the best dielectric performance in BCST composites.