The study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of CuZnO₂/g-C₃N₄ nanocomposites for enhanced photocatalytic and antibacterial activities. The nanocomposites were prepared using a hydrothermal method, and their properties were analyzed using various techniques such as XRD, FE-SEM, EDX, TEM, UV–Vis DRS, and FT-IR. The CZG (1:2) nanocatalyst exhibited superior photocatalytic performance (96%) and reaction rate (0.0148 min⁻¹) compared to single materials, attributed to improved charge carrier separation and heterojunction formation between CuZnO₂ and g-C₃N₄. The stability of the nanocomposites was confirmed after five cycles of Rhodamine B photodegradation, with OH⁻ identified as the primary reactive species. The antibacterial efficacy against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria was also evaluated, showing enhanced antibacterial capabilities due to the combined effect of the heterojunction. The research highlights the potential of bimetallic compounds in efficiently degrading organic pollutants and their promising applications in environmental cleanup.The study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of CuZnO₂/g-C₃N₄ nanocomposites for enhanced photocatalytic and antibacterial activities. The nanocomposites were prepared using a hydrothermal method, and their properties were analyzed using various techniques such as XRD, FE-SEM, EDX, TEM, UV–Vis DRS, and FT-IR. The CZG (1:2) nanocatalyst exhibited superior photocatalytic performance (96%) and reaction rate (0.0148 min⁻¹) compared to single materials, attributed to improved charge carrier separation and heterojunction formation between CuZnO₂ and g-C₃N₄. The stability of the nanocomposites was confirmed after five cycles of Rhodamine B photodegradation, with OH⁻ identified as the primary reactive species. The antibacterial efficacy against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria was also evaluated, showing enhanced antibacterial capabilities due to the combined effect of the heterojunction. The research highlights the potential of bimetallic compounds in efficiently degrading organic pollutants and their promising applications in environmental cleanup.