This paper investigates the dynamic splitting mechanical properties of concrete reinforced with different fiber materials. Brazilian disc dynamic splitting tests were conducted on plain concrete, palm fiber-reinforced concrete (PFRC), and steel fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC) specimens using a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) test device. The Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technique was employed to analyze the fracture process and crack propagation behavior, providing insights into the dynamic tensile properties and energy dissipation of the specimens. Key findings include: 1. **Impact Toughness and Crack Suppression**: The addition of fibers enhances the impact toughness of concrete, reducing stress concentration at the loading end and delaying failure. Steel fibers exhibit a better crack-inhibiting effect compared to palm fibers. 2. **Dynamic Tensile Properties**: The dynamic tensile strength of the three types of concrete specimens exceeds their quasi-static tensile strength. Steel fiber-reinforced concrete shows the highest dynamic increase factor, followed by palm fiber-reinforced concrete, and plain concrete has the lowest. 3. **Energy Dissipation**: Under the same impact pressure, the incident energy for all three types of concrete is similar. Palm fiber-reinforced concrete has a slightly reduced energy absorption rate, while steel fiber-reinforced concrete has an increased energy absorption rate. 4. **Crack Propagation and Strain Field**: Palm fiber-reinforced concrete and steel fiber-reinforced concrete exhibit lower peak strains compared to plain concrete. Steel fibers significantly impede internal cracking, leading to a slower growth of damage variables and enhanced impact resistance. The study concludes that steel fiber-reinforced concrete shows better impact resistance under impact loading, providing valuable insights for the design of impact-resistant concrete structures.This paper investigates the dynamic splitting mechanical properties of concrete reinforced with different fiber materials. Brazilian disc dynamic splitting tests were conducted on plain concrete, palm fiber-reinforced concrete (PFRC), and steel fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC) specimens using a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) test device. The Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technique was employed to analyze the fracture process and crack propagation behavior, providing insights into the dynamic tensile properties and energy dissipation of the specimens. Key findings include: 1. **Impact Toughness and Crack Suppression**: The addition of fibers enhances the impact toughness of concrete, reducing stress concentration at the loading end and delaying failure. Steel fibers exhibit a better crack-inhibiting effect compared to palm fibers. 2. **Dynamic Tensile Properties**: The dynamic tensile strength of the three types of concrete specimens exceeds their quasi-static tensile strength. Steel fiber-reinforced concrete shows the highest dynamic increase factor, followed by palm fiber-reinforced concrete, and plain concrete has the lowest. 3. **Energy Dissipation**: Under the same impact pressure, the incident energy for all three types of concrete is similar. Palm fiber-reinforced concrete has a slightly reduced energy absorption rate, while steel fiber-reinforced concrete has an increased energy absorption rate. 4. **Crack Propagation and Strain Field**: Palm fiber-reinforced concrete and steel fiber-reinforced concrete exhibit lower peak strains compared to plain concrete. Steel fibers significantly impede internal cracking, leading to a slower growth of damage variables and enhanced impact resistance. The study concludes that steel fiber-reinforced concrete shows better impact resistance under impact loading, providing valuable insights for the design of impact-resistant concrete structures.