This concept paper examines the role of the oil and gas industry in environmental management and climate change mitigation. It reviews existing Health, Safety, and Environment (HSE) practices, discusses the integration of sustainable technologies, and proposes a conceptual framework for enhancing environmental stewardship within well engineering and operations. The paper highlights the importance of robust HSE practices to ensure worker safety, protect the environment, and maintain operational efficiency. It emphasizes the need for continuous improvement in HSE standards and the implementation of best practices to minimize risks and enhance sustainability. The review also delves into climate change mitigation strategies, such as carbon capture and storage (CCS), methane emission reduction initiatives, and renewable energy integration, to reduce the industry's environmental footprint. The paper identifies regulatory frameworks, technological advancements, and stakeholder engagement as key drivers for promoting environmental stewardship in the oil and gas sector. Overall, the review underscores the importance of environmental stewardship in the oil and gas industry and provides insights into how HSE practices and climate change mitigation strategies can be effectively integrated into the industry's operational framework.This concept paper examines the role of the oil and gas industry in environmental management and climate change mitigation. It reviews existing Health, Safety, and Environment (HSE) practices, discusses the integration of sustainable technologies, and proposes a conceptual framework for enhancing environmental stewardship within well engineering and operations. The paper highlights the importance of robust HSE practices to ensure worker safety, protect the environment, and maintain operational efficiency. It emphasizes the need for continuous improvement in HSE standards and the implementation of best practices to minimize risks and enhance sustainability. The review also delves into climate change mitigation strategies, such as carbon capture and storage (CCS), methane emission reduction initiatives, and renewable energy integration, to reduce the industry's environmental footprint. The paper identifies regulatory frameworks, technological advancements, and stakeholder engagement as key drivers for promoting environmental stewardship in the oil and gas sector. Overall, the review underscores the importance of environmental stewardship in the oil and gas industry and provides insights into how HSE practices and climate change mitigation strategies can be effectively integrated into the industry's operational framework.