Heavy metal decontamination by ion exchange polymers for water purification: counterintuitive cation removal by an anion exchange polymer

Heavy metal decontamination by ion exchange polymers for water purification: counterintuitive cation removal by an anion exchange polymer

12 February 2024 | Emanuela Sgreccia, Celina Rogalska, Francia Sarhaly Gallardo Gonzalez, Paolo Prosposito, Luca Burratti, Philippe Knauth, Maria Luisa Di Vona
This study investigates the use of ion exchange polymers for the removal of mercury and lead ions from water. The cation exchange polymer (CEP) used is sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK), and the anion exchange polymer (AEP) is poly(sulfone trimethylammonium) chloride (PSU-TMA). The ion exchange capacity (IEC) of both polymers is 1.6 meq/g. The removal efficiency of SPEEK for mercury and lead ions is 100% when the concentration is below the maximum sorption capacity ($Q_{\text{max}}$), which is about 210 mg/g for Pb$^{2+}$. Surprisingly, PSU-TMA also shows 100% removal efficiency for Hg$^{2+}$, attributed to the formation of stable complex anions that can be sorbed by the AEP. Langmuir adsorption theory is applied to describe the thermodynamics of lead removal by SPEEK, and a second-order law is used to describe the kinetics of the process. The study highlights the effectiveness of these polymers in water purification and provides insights into the mechanisms of heavy metal ion removal.This study investigates the use of ion exchange polymers for the removal of mercury and lead ions from water. The cation exchange polymer (CEP) used is sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK), and the anion exchange polymer (AEP) is poly(sulfone trimethylammonium) chloride (PSU-TMA). The ion exchange capacity (IEC) of both polymers is 1.6 meq/g. The removal efficiency of SPEEK for mercury and lead ions is 100% when the concentration is below the maximum sorption capacity ($Q_{\text{max}}$), which is about 210 mg/g for Pb$^{2+}$. Surprisingly, PSU-TMA also shows 100% removal efficiency for Hg$^{2+}$, attributed to the formation of stable complex anions that can be sorbed by the AEP. Langmuir adsorption theory is applied to describe the thermodynamics of lead removal by SPEEK, and a second-order law is used to describe the kinetics of the process. The study highlights the effectiveness of these polymers in water purification and provides insights into the mechanisms of heavy metal ion removal.
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