Hybridization of concrete by the inclusions of kaolin, alumina and silica fume: Performance evaluation

Hybridization of concrete by the inclusions of kaolin, alumina and silica fume: Performance evaluation

18 January 2024; Received in revised form 29 March 2024; Accepted 1 May 2024 | Anandh Babu Malayali, Venkatesh R, Sulaiman Ali Alharbi, M.A. Kalam
This study investigates the performance of concrete incorporating kaolin, alumina, and silica fume as hybrid materials to enhance mechanical properties and reduce water absorption. The research focuses on replacing conventional aggregates with waste materials such as kaolin (mining waste) and silica fume, aiming to improve the sustainability and performance of concrete. The concrete mixtures included 5% nano alumina (Al₂O₃), 10% kaolin waste (KW), and 5, 10, and 15% silica fume (SF), with the goal of optimizing compressive and flexural strength, water absorption, and resistance to acid attack. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the presence of alumina, silica fume, and kaolin in the concrete structure. The results showed that the concrete mixture with 5% alumina, 10% KW, and 15% SF (CC5) achieved the highest compressive strength of 44 ± 1.76 MPa and flexural strength of 4.3 ± 0.17 MPa after 28 and 90 days of curing. Additionally, this mixture exhibited the lowest water absorption (3.1 ± 0.12%) and a minimal weight reduction of 0.78% under sulfuric acid exposure, demonstrating superior durability. The study highlights the potential of using industrial and mining waste materials as sustainable alternatives in concrete production, enhancing both mechanical performance and environmental sustainability. The findings suggest that the inclusion of these materials can significantly improve the properties of concrete, making it a viable option for construction applications.This study investigates the performance of concrete incorporating kaolin, alumina, and silica fume as hybrid materials to enhance mechanical properties and reduce water absorption. The research focuses on replacing conventional aggregates with waste materials such as kaolin (mining waste) and silica fume, aiming to improve the sustainability and performance of concrete. The concrete mixtures included 5% nano alumina (Al₂O₃), 10% kaolin waste (KW), and 5, 10, and 15% silica fume (SF), with the goal of optimizing compressive and flexural strength, water absorption, and resistance to acid attack. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the presence of alumina, silica fume, and kaolin in the concrete structure. The results showed that the concrete mixture with 5% alumina, 10% KW, and 15% SF (CC5) achieved the highest compressive strength of 44 ± 1.76 MPa and flexural strength of 4.3 ± 0.17 MPa after 28 and 90 days of curing. Additionally, this mixture exhibited the lowest water absorption (3.1 ± 0.12%) and a minimal weight reduction of 0.78% under sulfuric acid exposure, demonstrating superior durability. The study highlights the potential of using industrial and mining waste materials as sustainable alternatives in concrete production, enhancing both mechanical performance and environmental sustainability. The findings suggest that the inclusion of these materials can significantly improve the properties of concrete, making it a viable option for construction applications.
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Understanding Hybridization of concrete by the inclusions of kaolin%2C alumina and silica fume%3A Performance evaluation