This study investigates a new glass system for nuclear radiation shielding, based on lithium magnesium borosilicate glass doped with varying percentages of nano copper oxide (CuO) and nano hematite (Fe₂O₃). The glass composition is 60% BO₃ + 15% SiO₂ + 10% Li₂O + 5% MgO + (10-X)Fe₂O₃ + XCuO, where X = 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 wt.%. The glass samples were characterized using various techniques, including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman, X-ray diffraction, and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The radiation shielding performance was evaluated experimentally using an HPGe detector for γ-photon energies from radionuclides ¹³³Ba, ¹³⁷Cs, and ⁶⁰Co, and theoretically using Monte-Carlo code-5 and Phy-X/PSD software for the γ-photon energy range of 0.015 to 15 MeV. Additionally, the neutron shielding performance was assessed through fast neutron cross-section investigation, and the mass stopping power for carbon ions and alpha particles was calculated. The study highlights the potential of this glass system in enhancing radiation shielding properties, making it suitable for nuclear safety applications.This study investigates a new glass system for nuclear radiation shielding, based on lithium magnesium borosilicate glass doped with varying percentages of nano copper oxide (CuO) and nano hematite (Fe₂O₃). The glass composition is 60% BO₃ + 15% SiO₂ + 10% Li₂O + 5% MgO + (10-X)Fe₂O₃ + XCuO, where X = 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 wt.%. The glass samples were characterized using various techniques, including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman, X-ray diffraction, and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The radiation shielding performance was evaluated experimentally using an HPGe detector for γ-photon energies from radionuclides ¹³³Ba, ¹³⁷Cs, and ⁶⁰Co, and theoretically using Monte-Carlo code-5 and Phy-X/PSD software for the γ-photon energy range of 0.015 to 15 MeV. Additionally, the neutron shielding performance was assessed through fast neutron cross-section investigation, and the mass stopping power for carbon ions and alpha particles was calculated. The study highlights the potential of this glass system in enhancing radiation shielding properties, making it suitable for nuclear safety applications.