Long-term calorie restriction (CR) significantly reduces the risk of atherosclerosis in humans, as demonstrated by a study comparing 18 individuals on CR for 6 years with 18 age-matched individuals on a typical American diet. The CR group was leaner, with lower body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, and levels of total cholesterol (Tchol), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides, fasting glucose, insulin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and blood pressure (BP), while having higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT), a marker of atherosclerosis, was 40% lower in the CR group. These findings suggest that long-term CR has a powerful protective effect against atherosclerosis. The study highlights that CR not only improves traditional risk factors for atherosclerosis but also reduces inflammation, as indicated by low CRP levels, and decreases the risk of obesity and insulin resistance. The CR group maintained normal lipid and BP levels, similar to those of the comparison group before they started CR. The study also shows that CR leads to significant improvements in lipid profiles, blood pressure, and other metabolic markers, even when individuals are on a low-calorie diet with a balanced intake of essential nutrients. The results indicate that long-term CR can effectively reduce the risk of atherosclerosis by improving multiple risk factors, including lipid profiles, blood pressure, and inflammation. This study provides strong evidence that CR is a promising strategy for preventing atherosclerosis and related cardiovascular diseases. The findings are supported by the low IMT in the CR group, which is a key indicator of atherosclerosis risk. The study also notes that the benefits of CR are sustained over time, with significant improvements observed even in the first year of CR. Overall, the study underscores the potential of long-term CR as a protective measure against atherosclerosis.Long-term calorie restriction (CR) significantly reduces the risk of atherosclerosis in humans, as demonstrated by a study comparing 18 individuals on CR for 6 years with 18 age-matched individuals on a typical American diet. The CR group was leaner, with lower body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, and levels of total cholesterol (Tchol), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides, fasting glucose, insulin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and blood pressure (BP), while having higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT), a marker of atherosclerosis, was 40% lower in the CR group. These findings suggest that long-term CR has a powerful protective effect against atherosclerosis. The study highlights that CR not only improves traditional risk factors for atherosclerosis but also reduces inflammation, as indicated by low CRP levels, and decreases the risk of obesity and insulin resistance. The CR group maintained normal lipid and BP levels, similar to those of the comparison group before they started CR. The study also shows that CR leads to significant improvements in lipid profiles, blood pressure, and other metabolic markers, even when individuals are on a low-calorie diet with a balanced intake of essential nutrients. The results indicate that long-term CR can effectively reduce the risk of atherosclerosis by improving multiple risk factors, including lipid profiles, blood pressure, and inflammation. This study provides strong evidence that CR is a promising strategy for preventing atherosclerosis and related cardiovascular diseases. The findings are supported by the low IMT in the CR group, which is a key indicator of atherosclerosis risk. The study also notes that the benefits of CR are sustained over time, with significant improvements observed even in the first year of CR. Overall, the study underscores the potential of long-term CR as a protective measure against atherosclerosis.