The article discusses the presence and impact of endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) and pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in water, particularly in the context of the water industry. EDCs, which can mimic natural hormones, have been linked to various adverse effects in both humans and wildlife. PPCPs, including pharmaceuticals and personal care products, have also been detected in surface and ground waters, sometimes at trace concentrations that can affect ecological systems. The article highlights the challenges in removing these compounds during drinking water and wastewater treatment processes, as they are often more polar and have acidic or basic functional groups. Advanced treatment technologies such as activated carbon and reverse osmosis are considered viable for removing these contaminants. The article also reviews the regulatory issues, analytical methods, and the behavior of EDCs and PPCPs in different water treatment processes, emphasizing the need for more research to understand their fate and transport in the environment.The article discusses the presence and impact of endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) and pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in water, particularly in the context of the water industry. EDCs, which can mimic natural hormones, have been linked to various adverse effects in both humans and wildlife. PPCPs, including pharmaceuticals and personal care products, have also been detected in surface and ground waters, sometimes at trace concentrations that can affect ecological systems. The article highlights the challenges in removing these compounds during drinking water and wastewater treatment processes, as they are often more polar and have acidic or basic functional groups. Advanced treatment technologies such as activated carbon and reverse osmosis are considered viable for removing these contaminants. The article also reviews the regulatory issues, analytical methods, and the behavior of EDCs and PPCPs in different water treatment processes, emphasizing the need for more research to understand their fate and transport in the environment.