This study investigates the phytochemical constituents, antimicrobial activity, and antioxidant activity of *Euphorbia parviflora* L. (Euphorbiaceae Juss.). The plant extracts were analyzed using qualitative phytochemical screening, HPLC analysis, and DPPH radical scavenging assays. The methanolic, chloroform, and ethyl acetate extracts were tested against various bacterial and fungal strains. The results showed that all extracts contained alkaloids, reducing sugars, flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, and saponins. The methanolic extract had the highest total phenolic and flavonoid content, followed by the chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts. HPLC analysis identified major compounds in each extract, with quercetin, catechin, and cinnamic acid being dominant. The methanolic extract demonstrated the highest antibacterial activity against *Bacillus subtilis* and *Staphylococcus aureus*, and the highest antioxidant activity, followed by the chloroform extract. The study suggests that *E. parviflora* could be a reliable source of antimicrobial and antioxidant agents for treating infectious diseases.This study investigates the phytochemical constituents, antimicrobial activity, and antioxidant activity of *Euphorbia parviflora* L. (Euphorbiaceae Juss.). The plant extracts were analyzed using qualitative phytochemical screening, HPLC analysis, and DPPH radical scavenging assays. The methanolic, chloroform, and ethyl acetate extracts were tested against various bacterial and fungal strains. The results showed that all extracts contained alkaloids, reducing sugars, flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, and saponins. The methanolic extract had the highest total phenolic and flavonoid content, followed by the chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts. HPLC analysis identified major compounds in each extract, with quercetin, catechin, and cinnamic acid being dominant. The methanolic extract demonstrated the highest antibacterial activity against *Bacillus subtilis* and *Staphylococcus aureus*, and the highest antioxidant activity, followed by the chloroform extract. The study suggests that *E. parviflora* could be a reliable source of antimicrobial and antioxidant agents for treating infectious diseases.