This study investigates the relationship between self-regulation, cognitive flexibility, and resilience among students using structural equation modeling. The research was conducted on 302 university students from Tehran and Karaj, Iran, during the 2022-2023 academic year. Data were collected using the Bouffard's Self-Regulation Scale, the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (CFI), and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RSC). The findings indicate that self-regulation has a significant positive direct effect on both cognitive flexibility and resilience. Cognitive flexibility also positively influences resilience, mediating the relationship between self-regulation and resilience. The model's fit indices validated the proposed relationships, emphasizing the mediating role of cognitive flexibility. The study highlights the importance of fostering cognitive flexibility and self-regulation in educational settings to enhance students' mental health and academic achievements.This study investigates the relationship between self-regulation, cognitive flexibility, and resilience among students using structural equation modeling. The research was conducted on 302 university students from Tehran and Karaj, Iran, during the 2022-2023 academic year. Data were collected using the Bouffard's Self-Regulation Scale, the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (CFI), and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RSC). The findings indicate that self-regulation has a significant positive direct effect on both cognitive flexibility and resilience. Cognitive flexibility also positively influences resilience, mediating the relationship between self-regulation and resilience. The model's fit indices validated the proposed relationships, emphasizing the mediating role of cognitive flexibility. The study highlights the importance of fostering cognitive flexibility and self-regulation in educational settings to enhance students' mental health and academic achievements.