The 2019 Joint Committee on Infant Hearing (JCIH) position statement outlines principles and guidelines for Early Hearing Detection and Intervention (EHDI) programs. The goal of EHDI is to identify infants with hearing loss as early as possible, no later than 3–6 months of age, to ensure timely intervention and promote language and communication development. Universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) has significantly reduced the average age of identification, but screening alone is not sufficient. Timely identification, diagnosis, and intervention are critical for optimal outcomes. The JCIH emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and intervention for infants who are deaf or hard of hearing, as well as their families. It recommends that all infants undergo hearing screening before discharge from the hospital, no later than one month of age, using objective measures. Infants who do not pass initial screening should be referred for further evaluation and rescreening. The JCIH also highlights the need for ongoing surveillance of auditory and speech-language development, regardless of the outcome of newborn hearing screening. The document outlines the 1-3-6 goals for EHDI: screening by 1 month, audiologic diagnosis by 3 months, and early intervention by 6 months. It also recommends a 1-2-3 timeline for infants who meet the 1-3-6 benchmark. The JCIH emphasizes the importance of family-centered care, ensuring that infants and families have access to resources, information, and support. It also highlights the need for interdisciplinary collaboration and the importance of using culturally-sensitive language in communication with families. The JCIH recommends that all infants receive ongoing surveillance of communicative development beginning at 2 months of age. Infants who do not pass the speech-language portion of a developmental screening should be referred for speech-language evaluation and audiology assessment. The document also addresses the importance of audiologic and medical evaluation for infants identified as deaf or hard of hearing, as well as the need for early intervention services that are tailored to the child's needs and family preferences. The JCIH emphasizes the importance of using objective physiologic measures for newborn hearing screening, such as automated auditory brainstem response (AABR) and otoacoustic emissions (OAE). It also highlights the need for proper calibration of screening equipment and the importance of ensuring that screening results are accurately interpreted and communicated to families. The document also addresses the issue of false-negative test results and the importance of acknowledging and estimating the occurrence of such outcomes. The JCIH recommends that infants who receive care in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) be screened using AABR, as this technology is more effective in detecting neural auditory disorders such as auditory neuropathy. The document also emphasizes the importance of timely follow-up and rescreening for infants who do not pass initial screening, as well as the need for appropriate interventions to ensure optimal language and communication development. The JCIH concludes that early detectionThe 2019 Joint Committee on Infant Hearing (JCIH) position statement outlines principles and guidelines for Early Hearing Detection and Intervention (EHDI) programs. The goal of EHDI is to identify infants with hearing loss as early as possible, no later than 3–6 months of age, to ensure timely intervention and promote language and communication development. Universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) has significantly reduced the average age of identification, but screening alone is not sufficient. Timely identification, diagnosis, and intervention are critical for optimal outcomes. The JCIH emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and intervention for infants who are deaf or hard of hearing, as well as their families. It recommends that all infants undergo hearing screening before discharge from the hospital, no later than one month of age, using objective measures. Infants who do not pass initial screening should be referred for further evaluation and rescreening. The JCIH also highlights the need for ongoing surveillance of auditory and speech-language development, regardless of the outcome of newborn hearing screening. The document outlines the 1-3-6 goals for EHDI: screening by 1 month, audiologic diagnosis by 3 months, and early intervention by 6 months. It also recommends a 1-2-3 timeline for infants who meet the 1-3-6 benchmark. The JCIH emphasizes the importance of family-centered care, ensuring that infants and families have access to resources, information, and support. It also highlights the need for interdisciplinary collaboration and the importance of using culturally-sensitive language in communication with families. The JCIH recommends that all infants receive ongoing surveillance of communicative development beginning at 2 months of age. Infants who do not pass the speech-language portion of a developmental screening should be referred for speech-language evaluation and audiology assessment. The document also addresses the importance of audiologic and medical evaluation for infants identified as deaf or hard of hearing, as well as the need for early intervention services that are tailored to the child's needs and family preferences. The JCIH emphasizes the importance of using objective physiologic measures for newborn hearing screening, such as automated auditory brainstem response (AABR) and otoacoustic emissions (OAE). It also highlights the need for proper calibration of screening equipment and the importance of ensuring that screening results are accurately interpreted and communicated to families. The document also addresses the issue of false-negative test results and the importance of acknowledging and estimating the occurrence of such outcomes. The JCIH recommends that infants who receive care in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) be screened using AABR, as this technology is more effective in detecting neural auditory disorders such as auditory neuropathy. The document also emphasizes the importance of timely follow-up and rescreening for infants who do not pass initial screening, as well as the need for appropriate interventions to ensure optimal language and communication development. The JCIH concludes that early detection