The European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines on prostate cancer provide updated recommendations for diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up. The guidelines emphasize the importance of early detection through PSA testing and digital rectal examination, with ultrasound-guided biopsy as the preferred diagnostic method. For localized disease, radical prostatectomy is recommended over watchful waiting, with nerve-sparing techniques preferred. Radiation therapy is advised with at least 72 Gy for low-risk and 78 Gy for intermediate-to-high-risk prostate cancer. Androgen deprivation is the standard of care for metastatic disease, with intermittent therapy considered for selected patients. Follow-up relies heavily on PSA levels and disease-specific history, with imaging used only when symptoms occur. Cytotoxic therapy with docetaxel is the reference treatment for hormone-refractory prostate cancer. Active surveillance is recommended for low-risk patients, with careful monitoring. Radical prostatectomy is the only treatment shown to improve survival in localized disease, while radiation therapy is effective for intermediate-to-high-risk cases. Transperineal brachytherapy is a safe option for eligible patients. Hormonal therapy, including complete androgen blockade and intermittent androgen deprivation, is used in various stages of the disease. For relapsed disease, salvage treatments such as salvage radiotherapy or prostatectomy are considered. In hormone-refractory cases, docetaxel plus prednisone is the preferred cytotoxic therapy. Palliative care is essential for managing symptoms and improving quality of life. The guidelines emphasize individualized treatment based on patient characteristics and disease stage, with ongoing research and updates to ensure clinical relevance.The European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines on prostate cancer provide updated recommendations for diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up. The guidelines emphasize the importance of early detection through PSA testing and digital rectal examination, with ultrasound-guided biopsy as the preferred diagnostic method. For localized disease, radical prostatectomy is recommended over watchful waiting, with nerve-sparing techniques preferred. Radiation therapy is advised with at least 72 Gy for low-risk and 78 Gy for intermediate-to-high-risk prostate cancer. Androgen deprivation is the standard of care for metastatic disease, with intermittent therapy considered for selected patients. Follow-up relies heavily on PSA levels and disease-specific history, with imaging used only when symptoms occur. Cytotoxic therapy with docetaxel is the reference treatment for hormone-refractory prostate cancer. Active surveillance is recommended for low-risk patients, with careful monitoring. Radical prostatectomy is the only treatment shown to improve survival in localized disease, while radiation therapy is effective for intermediate-to-high-risk cases. Transperineal brachytherapy is a safe option for eligible patients. Hormonal therapy, including complete androgen blockade and intermittent androgen deprivation, is used in various stages of the disease. For relapsed disease, salvage treatments such as salvage radiotherapy or prostatectomy are considered. In hormone-refractory cases, docetaxel plus prednisone is the preferred cytotoxic therapy. Palliative care is essential for managing symptoms and improving quality of life. The guidelines emphasize individualized treatment based on patient characteristics and disease stage, with ongoing research and updates to ensure clinical relevance.