The article discusses the development of science and education trends, focusing on the spiritual foundations of Russian society and the challenges of modernization. It highlights the importance of the Russian mentality, which includes traits such as patience and a tendency to submit to authority. The article argues that these traits, while historically significant, may hinder modernization efforts due to their negative aspects. It also explores the role of social and religious institutions in providing support to the poor, particularly during times of famine. The study emphasizes the need for a balanced approach to modernization that takes into account the cultural and historical context of Russian society. The article also discusses the impact of digital technology on human behavior and the need for a new science, information ecology, to address the challenges posed by the information age. The study concludes that a comprehensive understanding of these issues is essential for effective modernization and social development in Russia.The article discusses the development of science and education trends, focusing on the spiritual foundations of Russian society and the challenges of modernization. It highlights the importance of the Russian mentality, which includes traits such as patience and a tendency to submit to authority. The article argues that these traits, while historically significant, may hinder modernization efforts due to their negative aspects. It also explores the role of social and religious institutions in providing support to the poor, particularly during times of famine. The study emphasizes the need for a balanced approach to modernization that takes into account the cultural and historical context of Russian society. The article also discusses the impact of digital technology on human behavior and the need for a new science, information ecology, to address the challenges posed by the information age. The study concludes that a comprehensive understanding of these issues is essential for effective modernization and social development in Russia.