The compressive properties of coal rocks under water-gas coupling were studied using a water-rock-gas coupling test system. The compressive strength and deformation damage characteristics of coal samples were analyzed, revealing the macro and micro degradation mechanisms under water-gas coupling. The compressive strength of coal samples under three soaking conditions was lower than that of dry samples. The damage mode of coal samples changed from tensile damage to mixed shear-tensile damage. Coal samples changed from brittle damage to plastic damage, increasing the localization zone and misalignment after soaking. The deterioration effects of coal samples in three soaking environments were mainly: 1) intrusion of water and gas caused decomposition and precipitation of clay minerals inside coal samples; 2) the surface of each group of coal samples showed deterioration after soaking; 3) the deterioration effect of water and gas changed the internal pore structure of coal samples. The destruction of the original supporting structure of the coal samples in the soaked environment reduced the ability of the coal samples to store energy before destruction. Key words: water-gas coupling; abandoned mines; compressive characteristics; deterioration characteristics This study investigated the mechanical properties of coal and rocks under water and gas conditions. Researchers conducted various tests, including in-situ expansion and deformation tests, Brazilian splitting and uniaxial compression tests, uniaxial compression tests, dynamic splitting tests, and triaxial compression tests. These studies provided insights into the mechanical behavior of coal and rocks under different conditions. However, coal and rocks in high-gas volume underground mines are accompanied by gas. Therefore, uniaxial-compression tests were performed on coal samples under dry, water-soaking, semi-soaking in water and gas, and gas-soaking conditions. This work investigated the degradation of the compressive properties of coal and rocks under water- and gas-soaking conditions. The XTDIC 3D full-field strain measurement system and MISTRAS series PCI-2 were used for measurement.The compressive properties of coal rocks under water-gas coupling were studied using a water-rock-gas coupling test system. The compressive strength and deformation damage characteristics of coal samples were analyzed, revealing the macro and micro degradation mechanisms under water-gas coupling. The compressive strength of coal samples under three soaking conditions was lower than that of dry samples. The damage mode of coal samples changed from tensile damage to mixed shear-tensile damage. Coal samples changed from brittle damage to plastic damage, increasing the localization zone and misalignment after soaking. The deterioration effects of coal samples in three soaking environments were mainly: 1) intrusion of water and gas caused decomposition and precipitation of clay minerals inside coal samples; 2) the surface of each group of coal samples showed deterioration after soaking; 3) the deterioration effect of water and gas changed the internal pore structure of coal samples. The destruction of the original supporting structure of the coal samples in the soaked environment reduced the ability of the coal samples to store energy before destruction. Key words: water-gas coupling; abandoned mines; compressive characteristics; deterioration characteristics This study investigated the mechanical properties of coal and rocks under water and gas conditions. Researchers conducted various tests, including in-situ expansion and deformation tests, Brazilian splitting and uniaxial compression tests, uniaxial compression tests, dynamic splitting tests, and triaxial compression tests. These studies provided insights into the mechanical behavior of coal and rocks under different conditions. However, coal and rocks in high-gas volume underground mines are accompanied by gas. Therefore, uniaxial-compression tests were performed on coal samples under dry, water-soaking, semi-soaking in water and gas, and gas-soaking conditions. This work investigated the degradation of the compressive properties of coal and rocks under water- and gas-soaking conditions. The XTDIC 3D full-field strain measurement system and MISTRAS series PCI-2 were used for measurement.