The study examines the genetic and demographic dynamics of Denmark from the Mesolithic period to the Early Bronze Age, focusing on two major population turnovers. The Mesolithic period in Denmark is characterized by the Maglemose, Kongemose, and Ertebølle cultures, which show genetic homogeneity and display cultural transitions without significant genetic changes. The Neolithic transition, marked by the arrival of Anatolian-derived farmers around 5,900 calibrated years before present (cal. BP), resulted in a population turnover with limited genetic contribution from local hunter-gatherers. This transition was delayed by over a millennium compared to Central Europe. The Funnel Beaker culture, associated with this transition, persisted for about 1,000 years before the arrival of immigrants with eastern Steppe-derived ancestry, leading to the Single Grave culture and a more similar ancestry profile to present-day Danes. The study uses a multiproxy approach, combining ancient genomes with proxies for diet, mobility, and vegetation cover, to provide insights into the demographic and environmental changes during these periods.The study examines the genetic and demographic dynamics of Denmark from the Mesolithic period to the Early Bronze Age, focusing on two major population turnovers. The Mesolithic period in Denmark is characterized by the Maglemose, Kongemose, and Ertebølle cultures, which show genetic homogeneity and display cultural transitions without significant genetic changes. The Neolithic transition, marked by the arrival of Anatolian-derived farmers around 5,900 calibrated years before present (cal. BP), resulted in a population turnover with limited genetic contribution from local hunter-gatherers. This transition was delayed by over a millennium compared to Central Europe. The Funnel Beaker culture, associated with this transition, persisted for about 1,000 years before the arrival of immigrants with eastern Steppe-derived ancestry, leading to the Single Grave culture and a more similar ancestry profile to present-day Danes. The study uses a multiproxy approach, combining ancient genomes with proxies for diet, mobility, and vegetation cover, to provide insights into the demographic and environmental changes during these periods.