This review article discusses the application of 3D printing based on imaging data in the medical field. 3D printing allows the creation of graspable three-dimensional objects for surgical planning, prosthetics, and other medical applications. These objects are generated from CT or MRI volumetric medical images, which are processed using specialized algorithms to create a spatial model. This model is then used by special printers to generate the final rapid prototype model. The article highlights the benefits of 3D printing in medical applications, including improved patient-clinician interaction, surgical training, medical research, and education. However, it also notes the limitations of rapid prototyping, such as cost, complexity, and the need for specialized equipment and materials. The article discusses the process of generating 3D objects, which involves three main steps: image acquisition, image post-processing, and 3D printing. Image acquisition involves obtaining high-resolution medical images, which are then processed using specialized software to create a 3D model. This model is then printed using 3D printing technology. The article also reviews various 3D printing techniques, including stereolithography, selective laser sintering, fused deposition modeling, laminated object manufacturing, and inkjet printing. Each technique has its own advantages and limitations, and the choice of technique depends on the specific application and requirements. Overall, the article concludes that 3D printing has significant potential for development in the medical field, particularly in specialized surgical planning and prosthetics applications.This review article discusses the application of 3D printing based on imaging data in the medical field. 3D printing allows the creation of graspable three-dimensional objects for surgical planning, prosthetics, and other medical applications. These objects are generated from CT or MRI volumetric medical images, which are processed using specialized algorithms to create a spatial model. This model is then used by special printers to generate the final rapid prototype model. The article highlights the benefits of 3D printing in medical applications, including improved patient-clinician interaction, surgical training, medical research, and education. However, it also notes the limitations of rapid prototyping, such as cost, complexity, and the need for specialized equipment and materials. The article discusses the process of generating 3D objects, which involves three main steps: image acquisition, image post-processing, and 3D printing. Image acquisition involves obtaining high-resolution medical images, which are then processed using specialized software to create a 3D model. This model is then printed using 3D printing technology. The article also reviews various 3D printing techniques, including stereolithography, selective laser sintering, fused deposition modeling, laminated object manufacturing, and inkjet printing. Each technique has its own advantages and limitations, and the choice of technique depends on the specific application and requirements. Overall, the article concludes that 3D printing has significant potential for development in the medical field, particularly in specialized surgical planning and prosthetics applications.