ATP is the primary energy source for plants, and its homeostasis is crucial for plant growth, development, stress resistance, and crop quality. The paper reviews the metabolic processes contributing to the ATP pool, including production, dissipation, transport, and elimination, and discusses the regulatory control of cellular ATP homeostasis. It highlights the role of eATP (extracellular ATP) as a signaling molecule and the identification of the eATP receptor DORN1, which has advanced understanding of how plants respond to ATP homeostasis disruptions. The functions of SnRK1α, a master regulator of energy management, in restoring ATP pool equilibrium and mediating metabolic reprogramming in response to environmental stress are also discussed. The paper emphasizes the complex interactions among key regulators of ATP homeostasis and the crosstalk between iATP (intracellular ATP) and eATP signaling pathways. Finally, it suggests future research directions for modulating plant cellular ATP homeostasis.ATP is the primary energy source for plants, and its homeostasis is crucial for plant growth, development, stress resistance, and crop quality. The paper reviews the metabolic processes contributing to the ATP pool, including production, dissipation, transport, and elimination, and discusses the regulatory control of cellular ATP homeostasis. It highlights the role of eATP (extracellular ATP) as a signaling molecule and the identification of the eATP receptor DORN1, which has advanced understanding of how plants respond to ATP homeostasis disruptions. The functions of SnRK1α, a master regulator of energy management, in restoring ATP pool equilibrium and mediating metabolic reprogramming in response to environmental stress are also discussed. The paper emphasizes the complex interactions among key regulators of ATP homeostasis and the crosstalk between iATP (intracellular ATP) and eATP signaling pathways. Finally, it suggests future research directions for modulating plant cellular ATP homeostasis.