This article reviews the evolution and advancements in neurological physical therapy, emphasizing the integration of neurology into clinical practice. It discusses the shift from focusing on muscular weakness to non-muscular issues, highlighting the importance of motor learning, muscle biology, biomechanics, and exercise science in optimizing motor performance. The article explores the impact of early neurophysiological research on therapeutic approaches and the need for incorporating advancements in neurology into clinical settings. It also examines the role of rehabilitation environments, the intensity of skill practice, and the use of robot-assisted therapy in enhancing functional mobility. The study highlights the significance of early intervention, the role of motor learning, and the importance of task-oriented training in improving functional outcomes. It discusses the effectiveness of various rehabilitation techniques, including Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF), Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT), and the use of rehabilitation robots in enhancing motor function. The article concludes that the integration of scientific research, technological advancements, and personalized training strategies is essential for optimizing recovery and functional performance in neurological rehabilitation.This article reviews the evolution and advancements in neurological physical therapy, emphasizing the integration of neurology into clinical practice. It discusses the shift from focusing on muscular weakness to non-muscular issues, highlighting the importance of motor learning, muscle biology, biomechanics, and exercise science in optimizing motor performance. The article explores the impact of early neurophysiological research on therapeutic approaches and the need for incorporating advancements in neurology into clinical settings. It also examines the role of rehabilitation environments, the intensity of skill practice, and the use of robot-assisted therapy in enhancing functional mobility. The study highlights the significance of early intervention, the role of motor learning, and the importance of task-oriented training in improving functional outcomes. It discusses the effectiveness of various rehabilitation techniques, including Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF), Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT), and the use of rehabilitation robots in enhancing motor function. The article concludes that the integration of scientific research, technological advancements, and personalized training strategies is essential for optimizing recovery and functional performance in neurological rehabilitation.