This paper critically reviews the characteristics of concrete modified with different nanomaterials, including nano-CaCO₃, nano-clay, nano-TiO₂, and nano-SiO₂. The study investigates 15 key characteristics of these modified concretes, such as slump, compressive strength, flexural strength, tensile strength, impact strength, water absorption, chloride penetration, carbonation, acid attack, sulfate attack, freeze-thaw cycles, electrical resistivity, elevated temperature, shrinkage, and microstructure. The results show that nanomaterials significantly improve the hydration mechanism, produce more C-S-H gel, and enhance resistance and durability characteristics. Concrete in coastal areas, exposed to radiation, impact loads, and containing recycled aggregates can be effectively improved by using nanomaterials. The paper aims to provide insights and ideas for future research in the field of sustainable concrete development.This paper critically reviews the characteristics of concrete modified with different nanomaterials, including nano-CaCO₃, nano-clay, nano-TiO₂, and nano-SiO₂. The study investigates 15 key characteristics of these modified concretes, such as slump, compressive strength, flexural strength, tensile strength, impact strength, water absorption, chloride penetration, carbonation, acid attack, sulfate attack, freeze-thaw cycles, electrical resistivity, elevated temperature, shrinkage, and microstructure. The results show that nanomaterials significantly improve the hydration mechanism, produce more C-S-H gel, and enhance resistance and durability characteristics. Concrete in coastal areas, exposed to radiation, impact loads, and containing recycled aggregates can be effectively improved by using nanomaterials. The paper aims to provide insights and ideas for future research in the field of sustainable concrete development.