A molecular phylogeny of living primates was constructed using genomic data from 186 primates representing 61 genera, along with outgroup species from Dermoptera, Scandentia, and Lagomorpha. The resulting phylogeny is highly resolved, with strong support for key evolutionary events and clarifies long-standing taxonomic controversies. The study reveals ongoing speciation, reticulate evolution, ancient lineages, and varying rates of evolution among primate lineages. The phylogeny provides a robust framework for understanding human evolution, adaptation, and the broader patterns of genome evolution across primates. It also has applications in human selection and adaptation, zoonotic disease emergence, mammalian genomics, primate taxonomy, and conservation. The phylogeny clarifies the divergence of early primates, including the placement of Tarsiiformes and Strepsirrhini, and provides insights into the evolutionary history of New World and Old World primates. The study also highlights the role of genomic changes in adaptive evolution, such as nocturnalism and phyletic dwarfism. The phylogeny is supported by extensive genomic data, including sequences from nuclear genes, and provides a detailed understanding of the divergence times and rates of evolution among primate lineages. The study underscores the importance of a precise evolutionary context for interpreting genomic data and highlights the need for further research into the genetic basis of primate diversity and evolution.A molecular phylogeny of living primates was constructed using genomic data from 186 primates representing 61 genera, along with outgroup species from Dermoptera, Scandentia, and Lagomorpha. The resulting phylogeny is highly resolved, with strong support for key evolutionary events and clarifies long-standing taxonomic controversies. The study reveals ongoing speciation, reticulate evolution, ancient lineages, and varying rates of evolution among primate lineages. The phylogeny provides a robust framework for understanding human evolution, adaptation, and the broader patterns of genome evolution across primates. It also has applications in human selection and adaptation, zoonotic disease emergence, mammalian genomics, primate taxonomy, and conservation. The phylogeny clarifies the divergence of early primates, including the placement of Tarsiiformes and Strepsirrhini, and provides insights into the evolutionary history of New World and Old World primates. The study also highlights the role of genomic changes in adaptive evolution, such as nocturnalism and phyletic dwarfism. The phylogeny is supported by extensive genomic data, including sequences from nuclear genes, and provides a detailed understanding of the divergence times and rates of evolution among primate lineages. The study underscores the importance of a precise evolutionary context for interpreting genomic data and highlights the need for further research into the genetic basis of primate diversity and evolution.