This review explores the evolution from probiotics to metabiotics, highlighting their roles in health and disease prevention. Probiotics are live microorganisms that confer health benefits, but they face challenges such as viability and side effects. Metabiotics, derived from probiotic metabolism, are bioactive compounds that enhance physiological functions, including immune regulation, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. They are safer and more stable than traditional probiotics, making them suitable for long-term use. Metabiotics include short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bacteriocins, polysaccharides, and peptides, which have been shown to improve gut-brain axis function, aiding in neurological disorders like depression, anxiety, autism, Alzheimer's, and Parkinson's disease. Research indicates that metabiotics can modulate gut microbiota, reduce inflammation, and enhance immune function. They also exhibit anticancer properties by inhibiting tumor growth and reducing oxidative stress. The gut-brain axis is crucial in neurological health, with metabiotics playing a key role in maintaining balance. Additionally, metabiotics have immunomodulatory effects, helping to prevent and treat autoimmune diseases and cancer. Future research aims to further explore the potential of metabiotics in health and disease management, emphasizing their role in next-generation probiotics. The study underscores the importance of metabiotics in improving human health through their unique biological functions and potential applications in various therapeutic areas.This review explores the evolution from probiotics to metabiotics, highlighting their roles in health and disease prevention. Probiotics are live microorganisms that confer health benefits, but they face challenges such as viability and side effects. Metabiotics, derived from probiotic metabolism, are bioactive compounds that enhance physiological functions, including immune regulation, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. They are safer and more stable than traditional probiotics, making them suitable for long-term use. Metabiotics include short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bacteriocins, polysaccharides, and peptides, which have been shown to improve gut-brain axis function, aiding in neurological disorders like depression, anxiety, autism, Alzheimer's, and Parkinson's disease. Research indicates that metabiotics can modulate gut microbiota, reduce inflammation, and enhance immune function. They also exhibit anticancer properties by inhibiting tumor growth and reducing oxidative stress. The gut-brain axis is crucial in neurological health, with metabiotics playing a key role in maintaining balance. Additionally, metabiotics have immunomodulatory effects, helping to prevent and treat autoimmune diseases and cancer. Future research aims to further explore the potential of metabiotics in health and disease management, emphasizing their role in next-generation probiotics. The study underscores the importance of metabiotics in improving human health through their unique biological functions and potential applications in various therapeutic areas.