A Physically Transient Form of Silicon Electronics, With Integrated Sensors, Actuators and Power Supply

A Physically Transient Form of Silicon Electronics, With Integrated Sensors, Actuators and Power Supply

2012 September 28 | Suk-Won Hwang, Hu Tao, Dae-Hyeong Kim, Huanyu Cheng, Jun-Kyul Song, Elliott Rill, Mark A. Brenckle, Bruce Panilaitis, Sang Min Won, Yun-Soung Kim, Ki Jun Yu, Abid Ameen, Rui Li, Yewang Su, Miaomiao Yang, David L. Kaplan, Mitchell R. Zakin, Marvin J. Slepian, Yonggang Huang, Fiorenzo G. Omenetto, and John A. Rogers
A physically transient silicon electronics system with integrated sensors, actuators, and power supply is introduced. This technology enables devices to dissolve over time in a controlled manner, offering new applications such as medical implants that dissolve after a useful period. The system includes complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) electronics, four types of sensors, two power supply options, and wireless control. The devices use silicon nanomembranes (Si NMs) as semiconductors, magnesium (Mg) as conductors, magnesium oxide (MgO) and silicon dioxide (SiO₂) as dielectrics, and silk as a substrate and packaging material. The dissolution is achieved through hydrolysis, with the Si NMs and SiO₂ layers playing critical roles in device performance. The dissolution kinetics are modeled using reactive diffusion equations, showing that the time for complete dissolution depends on material properties and environmental conditions. The system demonstrates high performance in terms of electrical characteristics, including mobility, on/off ratios, and current outputs. The devices are tested in animal models, showing bio-resorption and compatibility with biological systems. The technology is based on silicon, allowing for integration with existing device design practices. The system includes wireless power supply and control, enabling applications such as thermal therapy. The devices are fabricated using transfer printing, electron-beam evaporation, and solution casting. The materials and fabrication techniques enable a wide range of transient electronic systems, including sensors, actuators, and circuits. The system is validated through in vivo experiments, showing successful implantation and dissolution in mice. The technology has potential applications in medical devices, environmental monitoring, and other areas requiring temporary electronic systems. The results demonstrate the feasibility of transient electronics, with the ability to dissolve in controlled environments, offering new possibilities for electronic systems that are both functional and environmentally friendly.A physically transient silicon electronics system with integrated sensors, actuators, and power supply is introduced. This technology enables devices to dissolve over time in a controlled manner, offering new applications such as medical implants that dissolve after a useful period. The system includes complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) electronics, four types of sensors, two power supply options, and wireless control. The devices use silicon nanomembranes (Si NMs) as semiconductors, magnesium (Mg) as conductors, magnesium oxide (MgO) and silicon dioxide (SiO₂) as dielectrics, and silk as a substrate and packaging material. The dissolution is achieved through hydrolysis, with the Si NMs and SiO₂ layers playing critical roles in device performance. The dissolution kinetics are modeled using reactive diffusion equations, showing that the time for complete dissolution depends on material properties and environmental conditions. The system demonstrates high performance in terms of electrical characteristics, including mobility, on/off ratios, and current outputs. The devices are tested in animal models, showing bio-resorption and compatibility with biological systems. The technology is based on silicon, allowing for integration with existing device design practices. The system includes wireless power supply and control, enabling applications such as thermal therapy. The devices are fabricated using transfer printing, electron-beam evaporation, and solution casting. The materials and fabrication techniques enable a wide range of transient electronic systems, including sensors, actuators, and circuits. The system is validated through in vivo experiments, showing successful implantation and dissolution in mice. The technology has potential applications in medical devices, environmental monitoring, and other areas requiring temporary electronic systems. The results demonstrate the feasibility of transient electronics, with the ability to dissolve in controlled environments, offering new possibilities for electronic systems that are both functional and environmentally friendly.
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[slides and audio] A Physically Transient Form of Silicon Electronics