This comprehensive review examines the strategies employed by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in African economies to overcome challenges and achieve sustainable growth. The study highlights the multifaceted nature of these challenges, including limited access to finance, market constraints, and regulatory hurdles. It explores various financial mechanisms, from traditional banking to innovative fintech solutions, and their impact on SME development. Government policies and interventions, such as regulatory reforms and incentives, are crucial in creating an enabling environment for SMEs. The review also investigates market access strategies, emphasizing the importance of digital platforms and strategic partnerships. Technology adoption is identified as a transformative factor, enhancing efficiency and reaching new customers. Collaborative initiatives, including knowledge transfer programs, mentorship, and educational interventions, play a vital role in fostering a supportive ecosystem for SME growth. The synthesis of current literature underscores the need for a holistic approach that integrates financial inclusion, policy support, technological innovation, and capacity building to promote a vibrant and resilient small business sector in Africa.This comprehensive review examines the strategies employed by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in African economies to overcome challenges and achieve sustainable growth. The study highlights the multifaceted nature of these challenges, including limited access to finance, market constraints, and regulatory hurdles. It explores various financial mechanisms, from traditional banking to innovative fintech solutions, and their impact on SME development. Government policies and interventions, such as regulatory reforms and incentives, are crucial in creating an enabling environment for SMEs. The review also investigates market access strategies, emphasizing the importance of digital platforms and strategic partnerships. Technology adoption is identified as a transformative factor, enhancing efficiency and reaching new customers. Collaborative initiatives, including knowledge transfer programs, mentorship, and educational interventions, play a vital role in fostering a supportive ecosystem for SME growth. The synthesis of current literature underscores the need for a holistic approach that integrates financial inclusion, policy support, technological innovation, and capacity building to promote a vibrant and resilient small business sector in Africa.