A reconciled estimate of glacier contributions to sea level rise: 2003 to 2009

A reconciled estimate of glacier contributions to sea level rise: 2003 to 2009

2013 | Gardner, Alex S; Bolch, Tobias; et al
A consensus estimate of glacier contributions to sea level rise from 2003 to 2009 is presented, reconciling previous discrepancies and filling knowledge gaps in High Mountain Asia, Antarctica, and Greenland using satellite data (GRACE and ICESat) and in-situ observations. Glaciers outside ice sheets are losing mass, with the largest losses from Arctic Canada, Alaska, coastal Greenland, the southern Andes, and High Mountain Asia. The global mass budget for 2003–2009 was -259±28 Gt yr⁻¹, accounting for 29±13% of observed sea-level rise. This estimate combines satellite-based and glaciological data, showing that glacier mass loss is more significant than previously thought. Regional analyses reveal that glaciers in Antarctica and Greenland show varying mass changes, with Antarctica showing little contribution to sea-level rise and Greenland experiencing rapid mass loss. ICESat and GRACE estimates agree well in most regions, but glaciological records tend to be more negative, suggesting a potential bias in those records. The study concludes that the consensus estimate of glacier mass loss for 2003–2009 is -259±28 Gt yr⁻¹, with a sea-level contribution of 0.71±0.08 mm sea level equivalent yr⁻¹, representing 29±13% of the observed sea-level rise. The study also highlights the need for re-evaluation of previous global estimates based on glaciological records, which may have overestimated glacier mass loss.A consensus estimate of glacier contributions to sea level rise from 2003 to 2009 is presented, reconciling previous discrepancies and filling knowledge gaps in High Mountain Asia, Antarctica, and Greenland using satellite data (GRACE and ICESat) and in-situ observations. Glaciers outside ice sheets are losing mass, with the largest losses from Arctic Canada, Alaska, coastal Greenland, the southern Andes, and High Mountain Asia. The global mass budget for 2003–2009 was -259±28 Gt yr⁻¹, accounting for 29±13% of observed sea-level rise. This estimate combines satellite-based and glaciological data, showing that glacier mass loss is more significant than previously thought. Regional analyses reveal that glaciers in Antarctica and Greenland show varying mass changes, with Antarctica showing little contribution to sea-level rise and Greenland experiencing rapid mass loss. ICESat and GRACE estimates agree well in most regions, but glaciological records tend to be more negative, suggesting a potential bias in those records. The study concludes that the consensus estimate of glacier mass loss for 2003–2009 is -259±28 Gt yr⁻¹, with a sea-level contribution of 0.71±0.08 mm sea level equivalent yr⁻¹, representing 29±13% of the observed sea-level rise. The study also highlights the need for re-evaluation of previous global estimates based on glaciological records, which may have overestimated glacier mass loss.
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