This review by Zeid A. ALOthman provides an overview of silicate mesoporous materials, highlighting their fundamental aspects and applications. Silicate mesoporous materials, with well-defined pore sizes of 2.0–10.0 nm, offer advantages over microporous zeolites due to their larger pore sizes and high surface areas (>700 m² g⁻¹). These materials are synthesized using long-chain surfactant molecules as structure-directing agents, allowing for the tailoring of their structure, composition, and pore size during synthesis. The review covers the synthesis, characterization, and modification techniques of these materials, including sol-gel science and surfactant science. It also discusses the functionalization of mesoporous materials with organic or inorganic groups to enhance their physical and chemical properties, making them suitable for various applications such as catalysis, adsorption, and separation. The review emphasizes the importance of pore size control and the impact of reaction conditions on the final material properties.This review by Zeid A. ALOthman provides an overview of silicate mesoporous materials, highlighting their fundamental aspects and applications. Silicate mesoporous materials, with well-defined pore sizes of 2.0–10.0 nm, offer advantages over microporous zeolites due to their larger pore sizes and high surface areas (>700 m² g⁻¹). These materials are synthesized using long-chain surfactant molecules as structure-directing agents, allowing for the tailoring of their structure, composition, and pore size during synthesis. The review covers the synthesis, characterization, and modification techniques of these materials, including sol-gel science and surfactant science. It also discusses the functionalization of mesoporous materials with organic or inorganic groups to enhance their physical and chemical properties, making them suitable for various applications such as catalysis, adsorption, and separation. The review emphasizes the importance of pore size control and the impact of reaction conditions on the final material properties.