The article reviews the use of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) technology to develop corrosion-resistant coatings for Magnesium (Mg) alloys. PEO is an economical and eco-friendly method that creates a dense oxide layer on Mg alloys, addressing their poor corrosion resistance. The research examines the growth mode and corrosion process of PEO coatings, categorizing current efforts into two main approaches: improving the internal structure of the coating and enhancing the phase composition. Key strategies include optimizing coating thickness, roughness, and density, repairing micropores and cracks, and introducing corrosion-resistant compounds through doping. Micropores and cracks are identified as vulnerable points, and sealing is an effective strategy to address this. By modifying the phase composition, corrosion can be minimized, significantly boosting the corrosion resistance of Mg alloys. The article also discusses future challenges and potential advancements in corrosion-resistant PEO coatings for Mg alloys.The article reviews the use of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) technology to develop corrosion-resistant coatings for Magnesium (Mg) alloys. PEO is an economical and eco-friendly method that creates a dense oxide layer on Mg alloys, addressing their poor corrosion resistance. The research examines the growth mode and corrosion process of PEO coatings, categorizing current efforts into two main approaches: improving the internal structure of the coating and enhancing the phase composition. Key strategies include optimizing coating thickness, roughness, and density, repairing micropores and cracks, and introducing corrosion-resistant compounds through doping. Micropores and cracks are identified as vulnerable points, and sealing is an effective strategy to address this. By modifying the phase composition, corrosion can be minimized, significantly boosting the corrosion resistance of Mg alloys. The article also discusses future challenges and potential advancements in corrosion-resistant PEO coatings for Mg alloys.