This review article examines greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agricultural soils, highlighting their significant role in global climate change. Agricultural soils emit and absorb GHGs such as nitrous oxide (N₂O), carbon dioxide (CO₂), and methane (CH₄). These emissions are influenced by various factors, including land use/land cover changes, nutrient availability, humidity, temperature, soil pH, and the use of fertilizers and organic amendments. Agricultural soils contribute significantly to global warming potential (GWP), with N₂O emissions accounting for 38% of agricultural GHG emissions. Mitigation strategies such as sustainable agriculture, improved nutrient management, and organic amendments can help reduce GHG emissions while enhancing soil health and productivity. The study discusses the drivers of GHG emissions from agricultural soils, including land use/land cover changes, nutrient availability, humidity, temperature, soil pH, and the application of fertilizers and organic amendments. These factors influence the emission rates of N₂O, CO₂, and CH₄. For instance, N₂O emissions are affected by the type of livestock grazing on pasture, while CH₄ emissions are influenced by anaerobic conditions in the soil. Temperature and soil moisture also play critical roles in GHG emissions, with higher temperatures and moisture levels increasing emissions. The article also explores measurement techniques for GHG emissions, including chamber systems, eddy covariance methods, and remote sensing. These methods help quantify emissions at different spatial scales and provide insights into the factors influencing GHG emissions. The study emphasizes the importance of accurate measurement and the need for integrated approaches to assess and mitigate GHG emissions from agricultural soils. Mitigation strategies such as biochar application, crop rotation, reduced tillage, and improved irrigation and drainage practices are highlighted as effective methods to reduce GHG emissions. These practices not only lower emissions but also enhance soil health, increase crop yields, and contribute to sustainable agriculture. The review concludes that sustainable agricultural practices are essential for reducing GHG emissions and mitigating climate change, while balancing the need for food production and environmental protection.This review article examines greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agricultural soils, highlighting their significant role in global climate change. Agricultural soils emit and absorb GHGs such as nitrous oxide (N₂O), carbon dioxide (CO₂), and methane (CH₄). These emissions are influenced by various factors, including land use/land cover changes, nutrient availability, humidity, temperature, soil pH, and the use of fertilizers and organic amendments. Agricultural soils contribute significantly to global warming potential (GWP), with N₂O emissions accounting for 38% of agricultural GHG emissions. Mitigation strategies such as sustainable agriculture, improved nutrient management, and organic amendments can help reduce GHG emissions while enhancing soil health and productivity. The study discusses the drivers of GHG emissions from agricultural soils, including land use/land cover changes, nutrient availability, humidity, temperature, soil pH, and the application of fertilizers and organic amendments. These factors influence the emission rates of N₂O, CO₂, and CH₄. For instance, N₂O emissions are affected by the type of livestock grazing on pasture, while CH₄ emissions are influenced by anaerobic conditions in the soil. Temperature and soil moisture also play critical roles in GHG emissions, with higher temperatures and moisture levels increasing emissions. The article also explores measurement techniques for GHG emissions, including chamber systems, eddy covariance methods, and remote sensing. These methods help quantify emissions at different spatial scales and provide insights into the factors influencing GHG emissions. The study emphasizes the importance of accurate measurement and the need for integrated approaches to assess and mitigate GHG emissions from agricultural soils. Mitigation strategies such as biochar application, crop rotation, reduced tillage, and improved irrigation and drainage practices are highlighted as effective methods to reduce GHG emissions. These practices not only lower emissions but also enhance soil health, increase crop yields, and contribute to sustainable agriculture. The review concludes that sustainable agricultural practices are essential for reducing GHG emissions and mitigating climate change, while balancing the need for food production and environmental protection.