This review explores the role of the CACNA gene family in neurological disorders, focusing on the CACNA1A, CACNA1B, CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1E, CACNA1G, and CACNA1H genes. These genes encode alpha subunits of voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs), which are essential for neuronal function and calcium signaling. Dysregulation of these genes is implicated in various neurological conditions, including migraine, epilepsy, and cerebellar ataxia. The CACNA1A gene is particularly associated with familial hemiplegic migraine and episodic ataxia type 2, while CACNA1B is linked to migraine susceptibility. CACNA1C is involved in synaptic plasticity and is associated with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. CACNA1D is implicated in epilepsy and autism. CACNA1G is linked to spinocerebellar ataxia type 42 and episodic vestibulocerebellar ataxia. CACNA1H is associated with temporal lobe epilepsy and febrile seizures. The review highlights the complex relationship between CACNA gene variants and neurological phenotypes, emphasizing the importance of understanding these genes in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders. It also discusses the regulatory mechanisms of CACNA genes, including transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational regulation, and their interactions with molecular factors such as microRNAs. The study underscores the significance of CACNA genes in maintaining normal brain function and their potential role in the development of targeted therapeutic interventions for neurological disorders.This review explores the role of the CACNA gene family in neurological disorders, focusing on the CACNA1A, CACNA1B, CACNA1C, CACNA1D, CACNA1E, CACNA1G, and CACNA1H genes. These genes encode alpha subunits of voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs), which are essential for neuronal function and calcium signaling. Dysregulation of these genes is implicated in various neurological conditions, including migraine, epilepsy, and cerebellar ataxia. The CACNA1A gene is particularly associated with familial hemiplegic migraine and episodic ataxia type 2, while CACNA1B is linked to migraine susceptibility. CACNA1C is involved in synaptic plasticity and is associated with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. CACNA1D is implicated in epilepsy and autism. CACNA1G is linked to spinocerebellar ataxia type 42 and episodic vestibulocerebellar ataxia. CACNA1H is associated with temporal lobe epilepsy and febrile seizures. The review highlights the complex relationship between CACNA gene variants and neurological phenotypes, emphasizing the importance of understanding these genes in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders. It also discusses the regulatory mechanisms of CACNA genes, including transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational regulation, and their interactions with molecular factors such as microRNAs. The study underscores the significance of CACNA genes in maintaining normal brain function and their potential role in the development of targeted therapeutic interventions for neurological disorders.