Concrete structures are widely used in construction due to their durability and strength, but they are susceptible to damage from temperature fluctuations, humidity, and human activities. Traditional non-destructive testing methods are limited in their ability to provide real-time monitoring and evaluate structural stability. This paper reviews traditional and novel methods for monitoring concrete structural properties and damage evolution, including acoustic emission (AE), electrical resistivity (ER) monitoring, electromagnetic radiation (EMR) methods, piezoelectric transducers (PZT), ultrasonic techniques, and infrared thermography (IRT). Each method's fundamental principles, advantages, limitations, and future research directions are discussed. The paper highlights the importance of combining multiple methods for better monitoring results and provides valuable insights for future studies in concrete structural health monitoring (SHM). The review covers the estimation of structural properties, damage assessment, and the integration of these methods in practical applications, emphasizing the potential of each technique in ensuring the safety and longevity of concrete structures.Concrete structures are widely used in construction due to their durability and strength, but they are susceptible to damage from temperature fluctuations, humidity, and human activities. Traditional non-destructive testing methods are limited in their ability to provide real-time monitoring and evaluate structural stability. This paper reviews traditional and novel methods for monitoring concrete structural properties and damage evolution, including acoustic emission (AE), electrical resistivity (ER) monitoring, electromagnetic radiation (EMR) methods, piezoelectric transducers (PZT), ultrasonic techniques, and infrared thermography (IRT). Each method's fundamental principles, advantages, limitations, and future research directions are discussed. The paper highlights the importance of combining multiple methods for better monitoring results and provides valuable insights for future studies in concrete structural health monitoring (SHM). The review covers the estimation of structural properties, damage assessment, and the integration of these methods in practical applications, emphasizing the potential of each technique in ensuring the safety and longevity of concrete structures.