A theory of value is essential to the unified utilitarian theory, as it provides the foundation for moral judgments. Value theory is not only related to moral philosophy but also serves as the basis for determining what is good or bad. In utilitarianism, the ultimate criterion for morality is the maximization of social utility, which is a function of values. Therefore, understanding value is crucial for a comprehensive and self-sufficient utilitarian theory. Moral philosophy deals with the concepts of good and bad, right and wrong, and other evaluative terms. These terms are often vague and subject to interpretation. The concept of "good" is particularly complex and has been the subject of numerous theories. Philosophers have proposed various definitions, some of which aim to justify specific ethical theories. For example, G.E. Moore's theory of good as a simple, indefinable property, and R.B. Perry's theory of good as a fact, both serve different purposes in ethical discussions. The word "good" can be used in relative or absolute senses. In the relative sense, good and bad are context-dependent, while in the absolute sense, there is an implicit standard of average or neutral value. In most cases, the absolute sense is used, where something is considered good if it exceeds the average, and bad if it falls below it. However, in the absolute sense, even something that is better than another may still be considered bad if it is below the average. To avoid confusion, the absolute sense is preferred. It is important to note that while the absolute sense provides a standard for judgment, it does not imply that good things have absolute objective value. Instead, it reflects the judge's implicit understanding of average value.A theory of value is essential to the unified utilitarian theory, as it provides the foundation for moral judgments. Value theory is not only related to moral philosophy but also serves as the basis for determining what is good or bad. In utilitarianism, the ultimate criterion for morality is the maximization of social utility, which is a function of values. Therefore, understanding value is crucial for a comprehensive and self-sufficient utilitarian theory. Moral philosophy deals with the concepts of good and bad, right and wrong, and other evaluative terms. These terms are often vague and subject to interpretation. The concept of "good" is particularly complex and has been the subject of numerous theories. Philosophers have proposed various definitions, some of which aim to justify specific ethical theories. For example, G.E. Moore's theory of good as a simple, indefinable property, and R.B. Perry's theory of good as a fact, both serve different purposes in ethical discussions. The word "good" can be used in relative or absolute senses. In the relative sense, good and bad are context-dependent, while in the absolute sense, there is an implicit standard of average or neutral value. In most cases, the absolute sense is used, where something is considered good if it exceeds the average, and bad if it falls below it. However, in the absolute sense, even something that is better than another may still be considered bad if it is below the average. To avoid confusion, the absolute sense is preferred. It is important to note that while the absolute sense provides a standard for judgment, it does not imply that good things have absolute objective value. Instead, it reflects the judge's implicit understanding of average value.