A trial of goal-oriented hemodynamic therapy in critically ill patients was conducted to determine whether increasing the cardiac index to a supranormal level or increasing mixed venous oxygen saturation to a normal level would reduce morbidity and mortality compared to a control group with a normal cardiac index. The study involved 762 patients from 56 intensive care units, randomly assigned to three groups: control (normal cardiac index), cardiac-index (supranormal cardiac index), and oxygen-saturation (normal SvO2). The results showed that the mortality rates were similar across all groups, with no significant differences in mortality up to discharge from the intensive care unit or at six months. The number of dysfunctional organs and length of stay in the intensive care unit were similar in all groups. No differences in mortality were found for any diagnostic category. Subgroup analysis of patients who reached the hemodynamic targets also showed similar mortality rates. The study concluded that hemodynamic therapy aimed at achieving supranormal values for the cardiac index or normal values for mixed venous oxygen saturation does not reduce morbidity or mortality among critically ill patients. The findings suggest that goal-oriented hemodynamic therapy does not provide significant clinical benefits in this population.A trial of goal-oriented hemodynamic therapy in critically ill patients was conducted to determine whether increasing the cardiac index to a supranormal level or increasing mixed venous oxygen saturation to a normal level would reduce morbidity and mortality compared to a control group with a normal cardiac index. The study involved 762 patients from 56 intensive care units, randomly assigned to three groups: control (normal cardiac index), cardiac-index (supranormal cardiac index), and oxygen-saturation (normal SvO2). The results showed that the mortality rates were similar across all groups, with no significant differences in mortality up to discharge from the intensive care unit or at six months. The number of dysfunctional organs and length of stay in the intensive care unit were similar in all groups. No differences in mortality were found for any diagnostic category. Subgroup analysis of patients who reached the hemodynamic targets also showed similar mortality rates. The study concluded that hemodynamic therapy aimed at achieving supranormal values for the cardiac index or normal values for mixed venous oxygen saturation does not reduce morbidity or mortality among critically ill patients. The findings suggest that goal-oriented hemodynamic therapy does not provide significant clinical benefits in this population.