This article discusses the need to move beyond simplistic solutions ("panaceas") for complex social-ecological systems (SESs) and instead develop a more nuanced, interdisciplinary approach to understanding and managing these systems. It argues that SESs are complex, multivariable, nonlinear, and cross-scale systems that require careful analysis of multiple interacting factors. A nested framework is proposed to help scholars organize and analyze the various attributes of SESs, including resource systems, resource units, users, and governance systems, and how they interact and influence outcomes. This framework enables a better understanding of how SESs are embedded in larger socioeconomic, political, and ecological contexts. The article also highlights the limitations of simple solutions to complex problems and the importance of adaptive management and learning processes in addressing these challenges. It discusses the concept of "tragedy of the commons" and how it applies to both land-based and marine SESs, emphasizing the need for multi-level governance and institutional innovation. The article provides examples of successful and failed SESs, illustrating the importance of local knowledge, norms, and adaptive strategies in managing resources sustainably. The article further explores the role of distinctive markings of resource units and property-rights systems in managing resources effectively. It also discusses the importance of multiple methods for analyzing complex nested systems, including case studies, meta-analyses, and modeling techniques. The conclusion emphasizes the need for a more comprehensive, interdisciplinary approach to understanding and managing SESs, moving beyond simple solutions and embracing the complexity of these systems. The article calls for the development of a robust, nested framework that can help scholars and policymakers better diagnose and address the challenges facing linked SESs.This article discusses the need to move beyond simplistic solutions ("panaceas") for complex social-ecological systems (SESs) and instead develop a more nuanced, interdisciplinary approach to understanding and managing these systems. It argues that SESs are complex, multivariable, nonlinear, and cross-scale systems that require careful analysis of multiple interacting factors. A nested framework is proposed to help scholars organize and analyze the various attributes of SESs, including resource systems, resource units, users, and governance systems, and how they interact and influence outcomes. This framework enables a better understanding of how SESs are embedded in larger socioeconomic, political, and ecological contexts. The article also highlights the limitations of simple solutions to complex problems and the importance of adaptive management and learning processes in addressing these challenges. It discusses the concept of "tragedy of the commons" and how it applies to both land-based and marine SESs, emphasizing the need for multi-level governance and institutional innovation. The article provides examples of successful and failed SESs, illustrating the importance of local knowledge, norms, and adaptive strategies in managing resources sustainably. The article further explores the role of distinctive markings of resource units and property-rights systems in managing resources effectively. It also discusses the importance of multiple methods for analyzing complex nested systems, including case studies, meta-analyses, and modeling techniques. The conclusion emphasizes the need for a more comprehensive, interdisciplinary approach to understanding and managing SESs, moving beyond simple solutions and embracing the complexity of these systems. The article calls for the development of a robust, nested framework that can help scholars and policymakers better diagnose and address the challenges facing linked SESs.