NiFe-based materials have emerged as promising candidates for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts due to their high activity, stability, and earth-abundant nature. This review summarizes the discovery, synthesis, and performance of NiFe-based OER electrocatalysts, highlighting their advantages and challenges. Early studies revealed that Fe impurities in Ni-based materials can negatively affect OER performance, prompting research into NiFe mixed compounds. NiFe alloys, oxides, and layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have been explored for their catalytic properties. NiFe alloys exhibit good conductivity and catalytic activity, while NiFe oxides, such as NiFe₂O₄, show high durability but lower activity. NiFe LDHs offer a large electrochemically active surface area but suffer from low electrical conductivity. High-throughput screening has identified NiFe-based materials with enhanced performance, including ternary oxides like NiAlFe. Mechanistic studies suggest that NiOOH and Fe-doped NiOOH phases are active sites for OER, though the exact mechanism remains unclear. Applications of NiFe-based catalysts include alkaline water electrolysis and rechargeable zinc-air batteries, with NiFe LDH-based electrolyzers achieving low voltages and high efficiency. Despite progress, further research is needed to optimize the structure and electronic properties of NiFe-based materials for improved OER performance.NiFe-based materials have emerged as promising candidates for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts due to their high activity, stability, and earth-abundant nature. This review summarizes the discovery, synthesis, and performance of NiFe-based OER electrocatalysts, highlighting their advantages and challenges. Early studies revealed that Fe impurities in Ni-based materials can negatively affect OER performance, prompting research into NiFe mixed compounds. NiFe alloys, oxides, and layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have been explored for their catalytic properties. NiFe alloys exhibit good conductivity and catalytic activity, while NiFe oxides, such as NiFe₂O₄, show high durability but lower activity. NiFe LDHs offer a large electrochemically active surface area but suffer from low electrical conductivity. High-throughput screening has identified NiFe-based materials with enhanced performance, including ternary oxides like NiAlFe. Mechanistic studies suggest that NiOOH and Fe-doped NiOOH phases are active sites for OER, though the exact mechanism remains unclear. Applications of NiFe-based catalysts include alkaline water electrolysis and rechargeable zinc-air batteries, with NiFe LDH-based electrolyzers achieving low voltages and high efficiency. Despite progress, further research is needed to optimize the structure and electronic properties of NiFe-based materials for improved OER performance.