A panel data study on the effect of climate change on life expectancy finds that rising temperatures and changes in rainfall patterns negatively impact life expectancy. Using data from 191 countries between 1940 and 2020, the study estimates that a 1°C increase in annual average temperature reduces life expectancy at birth by 0.44 years. Additionally, a 10-point increase in a composite climate change index, which measures the geometric mean of temperature and rainfall, reduces life expectancy by 0.50 years. The study also reveals that climate change disproportionately affects female life expectancy more than male life expectancy. The findings highlight the urgent need to address climate change as a public health issue, emphasizing the importance of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and adapting to changing conditions to minimize health risks. The research underscores the complex relationship between climate variables and life expectancy, showing that while temperature has a consistent negative impact, the effect of rainfall is more ambiguous. The study concludes that climate change poses significant threats to global health, particularly for vulnerable populations, and calls for immediate action to mitigate its effects and protect human life expectancy.A panel data study on the effect of climate change on life expectancy finds that rising temperatures and changes in rainfall patterns negatively impact life expectancy. Using data from 191 countries between 1940 and 2020, the study estimates that a 1°C increase in annual average temperature reduces life expectancy at birth by 0.44 years. Additionally, a 10-point increase in a composite climate change index, which measures the geometric mean of temperature and rainfall, reduces life expectancy by 0.50 years. The study also reveals that climate change disproportionately affects female life expectancy more than male life expectancy. The findings highlight the urgent need to address climate change as a public health issue, emphasizing the importance of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and adapting to changing conditions to minimize health risks. The research underscores the complex relationship between climate variables and life expectancy, showing that while temperature has a consistent negative impact, the effect of rainfall is more ambiguous. The study concludes that climate change poses significant threats to global health, particularly for vulnerable populations, and calls for immediate action to mitigate its effects and protect human life expectancy.