(Dated: 9 July 2021) | P. Krantz1,2,†, M. Kjaergaard1, F. Yan1, T.P. Orlando1, S. Gustavsson1, and W. D. Oliver1,3,‡
This review provides an introductory guide to the central concepts and challenges in the rapidly advancing field of superconducting quantum circuits for quantum engineers. It covers foundational elements such as qubit design, noise properties, qubit control, and readout techniques, bridging fundamental concepts in circuit quantum electrodynamics (cQED) with contemporary applications in gate-model quantum computation.
- **Introduction**: Outlines the organization of the article and the scope of the review.
- **Engineering Quantum Circuits**: Discusses the design of superconducting circuits, focusing on the transmon qubit and its variants.
- **Noise, Decoherence, and Error Mitigation**: Explores types of noise, decoherence mechanisms, and methods to mitigate coherence loss.
- **Qubit Control**: Reviews the implementation of single- and two-qubit operations using local magnetic flux control and microwave drives.
- **Qubit Readout**: Details dispersive readout techniques, Purcell filters, and quantum-limited parametric amplifiers.
- **From Quantum Harmonic Oscillator to the Transmon Qubit**: Explains the transition from a linear LC resonant circuit to a non-linear Josephson junction-based qubit, highlighting the introduction of anharmonicity.
- **Qubit Hamiltonian Engineering**: Describes the engineering of qubit Hamiltonians, including the split transmon and flux qubit, to achieve tunable frequencies and higher anharmonicity.
- **Interaction Hamiltonian Engineering**: Discusses physical coupling mechanisms (capacitive and inductive) and their representation in the qubit eigenbasis, emphasizing the importance of transverse and longitudinal coupling axes.
- **Summary and Outlook**: Provides a comprehensive overview of the key findings and future directions in superconducting quantum circuits.
- **Acknowledgments**: Thanks the contributors and supporters of the research.
The review aims to introduce new quantum engineers to the terminology and state-of-the-art practices in superconducting quantum computing, assuming familiarity with classical physics, quantum mechanics, and electrical engineering.This review provides an introductory guide to the central concepts and challenges in the rapidly advancing field of superconducting quantum circuits for quantum engineers. It covers foundational elements such as qubit design, noise properties, qubit control, and readout techniques, bridging fundamental concepts in circuit quantum electrodynamics (cQED) with contemporary applications in gate-model quantum computation.
- **Introduction**: Outlines the organization of the article and the scope of the review.
- **Engineering Quantum Circuits**: Discusses the design of superconducting circuits, focusing on the transmon qubit and its variants.
- **Noise, Decoherence, and Error Mitigation**: Explores types of noise, decoherence mechanisms, and methods to mitigate coherence loss.
- **Qubit Control**: Reviews the implementation of single- and two-qubit operations using local magnetic flux control and microwave drives.
- **Qubit Readout**: Details dispersive readout techniques, Purcell filters, and quantum-limited parametric amplifiers.
- **From Quantum Harmonic Oscillator to the Transmon Qubit**: Explains the transition from a linear LC resonant circuit to a non-linear Josephson junction-based qubit, highlighting the introduction of anharmonicity.
- **Qubit Hamiltonian Engineering**: Describes the engineering of qubit Hamiltonians, including the split transmon and flux qubit, to achieve tunable frequencies and higher anharmonicity.
- **Interaction Hamiltonian Engineering**: Discusses physical coupling mechanisms (capacitive and inductive) and their representation in the qubit eigenbasis, emphasizing the importance of transverse and longitudinal coupling axes.
- **Summary and Outlook**: Provides a comprehensive overview of the key findings and future directions in superconducting quantum circuits.
- **Acknowledgments**: Thanks the contributors and supporters of the research.
The review aims to introduce new quantum engineers to the terminology and state-of-the-art practices in superconducting quantum computing, assuming familiarity with classical physics, quantum mechanics, and electrical engineering.