A review of MRI findings in schizophrenia summarizes over 193 MRI studies published between 1988 and 2000, highlighting significant brain abnormalities in schizophrenia. These findings include ventricular enlargement (80% of studies), third ventricle enlargement (73%), and involvement of medial temporal lobe structures (74%), such as the amygdala, hippocampus, and parahippocampal gyrus. Neocortical temporal lobe regions (superior temporal gyrus) show abnormalities in 100% of studies. Gray and white matter volume reductions in the superior temporal gyrus were reported in 67% of studies. Frontal lobe abnormalities (59%) and parietal lobe abnormalities (60%) were also observed, particularly in the inferior parietal lobule. Subcortical abnormalities, including cavum septi pellucidi, basal ganglia, corpus callosum, and thalamus, were found in 92%, 68%, 63%, and 42% of studies, respectively. Cerebellar abnormalities were less consistent (31%). These findings suggest that schizophrenia may have a neurodevelopmental origin, with brain abnormalities emerging later in development. Some abnormalities may change over the course of the illness, possibly due to factors like stress or neurotoxicity. MRI findings are consistent with post-mortem studies, showing reduced brain volume and enlarged ventricles. The timing of these abnormalities is not yet clear, though many are evident when patients first become symptomatic. MRI studies of first episode patients show more consistent findings, supporting the neurodevelopmental theory of schizophrenia. Future research should focus on homogeneous patient groups, at-risk populations, shape differences, diffusion tensor imaging, and combined brain function and structure analysis. The review emphasizes the importance of understanding the neural circuitry and functional interrelations of brain regions in schizophrenia.A review of MRI findings in schizophrenia summarizes over 193 MRI studies published between 1988 and 2000, highlighting significant brain abnormalities in schizophrenia. These findings include ventricular enlargement (80% of studies), third ventricle enlargement (73%), and involvement of medial temporal lobe structures (74%), such as the amygdala, hippocampus, and parahippocampal gyrus. Neocortical temporal lobe regions (superior temporal gyrus) show abnormalities in 100% of studies. Gray and white matter volume reductions in the superior temporal gyrus were reported in 67% of studies. Frontal lobe abnormalities (59%) and parietal lobe abnormalities (60%) were also observed, particularly in the inferior parietal lobule. Subcortical abnormalities, including cavum septi pellucidi, basal ganglia, corpus callosum, and thalamus, were found in 92%, 68%, 63%, and 42% of studies, respectively. Cerebellar abnormalities were less consistent (31%). These findings suggest that schizophrenia may have a neurodevelopmental origin, with brain abnormalities emerging later in development. Some abnormalities may change over the course of the illness, possibly due to factors like stress or neurotoxicity. MRI findings are consistent with post-mortem studies, showing reduced brain volume and enlarged ventricles. The timing of these abnormalities is not yet clear, though many are evident when patients first become symptomatic. MRI studies of first episode patients show more consistent findings, supporting the neurodevelopmental theory of schizophrenia. Future research should focus on homogeneous patient groups, at-risk populations, shape differences, diffusion tensor imaging, and combined brain function and structure analysis. The review emphasizes the importance of understanding the neural circuitry and functional interrelations of brain regions in schizophrenia.