The article reviews renewable energy sources and their sustainability challenges. It highlights that renewable energy is essential for meeting future energy demands and reducing climate change impacts. India is the third-largest producer of renewable energy, with 38% of its energy capacity from renewable sources in 2020. Renewable energy offers benefits such as energy security, access, social and economic development, and climate change mitigation. However, challenges like market failures, lack of information, and inefficient energy use hinder sustainability. The study emphasizes the need for sustainable policies, technological advancements, and international cooperation to promote renewable energy. It also discusses various renewable energy sources, including hydropower, bioenergy, geothermal, and wind energy, along with their environmental and social impacts. The article concludes that renewable energy is crucial for a sustainable future, but its success depends on effective policies, efficient energy use, and global collaboration. The study calls for increased research, education, and investment in renewable energy technologies to combat climate change and ensure energy security.The article reviews renewable energy sources and their sustainability challenges. It highlights that renewable energy is essential for meeting future energy demands and reducing climate change impacts. India is the third-largest producer of renewable energy, with 38% of its energy capacity from renewable sources in 2020. Renewable energy offers benefits such as energy security, access, social and economic development, and climate change mitigation. However, challenges like market failures, lack of information, and inefficient energy use hinder sustainability. The study emphasizes the need for sustainable policies, technological advancements, and international cooperation to promote renewable energy. It also discusses various renewable energy sources, including hydropower, bioenergy, geothermal, and wind energy, along with their environmental and social impacts. The article concludes that renewable energy is crucial for a sustainable future, but its success depends on effective policies, efficient energy use, and global collaboration. The study calls for increased research, education, and investment in renewable energy technologies to combat climate change and ensure energy security.