The paper reviews the importance of renewable energy sources in addressing global sustainability issues, particularly in the context of India. It highlights the increasing demand for energy and the need for sustainable solutions to meet future generations' energy needs. India, as the world's third-largest consumer of electricity and renewable energy producer, has installed 38% of its energy capacity from renewable sources by 2020. The paper discusses the opportunities and challenges associated with renewable energy, including energy security, access, social and economic development, climate change mitigation, and environmental impacts. Key renewable energy sources such as hydropower, bioenergy, solar, wind, and geothermal energy are analyzed, along with their potential and limitations. The authors emphasize the importance of policy support, technological advancements, and international cooperation to overcome market failures, lack of information, and raw material access, which hinder the sustainability of renewable energy. The paper concludes with recommendations for improving the sustainability of renewable energy, including policy formulation, energy efficiency initiatives, and increased research and education.The paper reviews the importance of renewable energy sources in addressing global sustainability issues, particularly in the context of India. It highlights the increasing demand for energy and the need for sustainable solutions to meet future generations' energy needs. India, as the world's third-largest consumer of electricity and renewable energy producer, has installed 38% of its energy capacity from renewable sources by 2020. The paper discusses the opportunities and challenges associated with renewable energy, including energy security, access, social and economic development, climate change mitigation, and environmental impacts. Key renewable energy sources such as hydropower, bioenergy, solar, wind, and geothermal energy are analyzed, along with their potential and limitations. The authors emphasize the importance of policy support, technological advancements, and international cooperation to overcome market failures, lack of information, and raw material access, which hinder the sustainability of renewable energy. The paper concludes with recommendations for improving the sustainability of renewable energy, including policy formulation, energy efficiency initiatives, and increased research and education.