This review article focuses on the green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using various biological sources, including plants, bacteria, fungi, algae, and other biocompatible chemicals. The article highlights the advantages of green methods over traditional physical and chemical approaches, which often involve toxic chemicals and harsh conditions. ZnO NPs have gained significant attention due to their wide range of applications, such as antibacterial, antifungal, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, and optic properties. The review covers the synthesis and characterization methods for ZnO NPs using different biological sources, emphasizing the eco-friendly, cost-effective, and biocompatible nature of these methods. It also discusses the stability, size, shape, and size control of the synthesized NPs, as well as their potential applications in various fields. The article concludes by outlining the future prospects of plant-mediated nanoparticle synthesis, including industrial-scale production and the elucidation of the mechanisms involved in pathogenic bacteria inhibition.This review article focuses on the green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using various biological sources, including plants, bacteria, fungi, algae, and other biocompatible chemicals. The article highlights the advantages of green methods over traditional physical and chemical approaches, which often involve toxic chemicals and harsh conditions. ZnO NPs have gained significant attention due to their wide range of applications, such as antibacterial, antifungal, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, and optic properties. The review covers the synthesis and characterization methods for ZnO NPs using different biological sources, emphasizing the eco-friendly, cost-effective, and biocompatible nature of these methods. It also discusses the stability, size, shape, and size control of the synthesized NPs, as well as their potential applications in various fields. The article concludes by outlining the future prospects of plant-mediated nanoparticle synthesis, including industrial-scale production and the elucidation of the mechanisms involved in pathogenic bacteria inhibition.