The article provides a comprehensive review of the therapeutic potential of *Nigella sativa* (N. sativa), a widely used medicinal plant in various traditional systems of medicine. N. sativa, also known as black seed, has been extensively studied for its wide range of pharmacological actions, including antihypertensive, liver tonic, diuretic, digestive, anti-diarrheal, appetite stimulant, analgesic, anti-bacterial, and skin disorder treatments. The primary active component responsible for many of its therapeutic effects is thymoquinone (TQ), a major constituent of the essential oil. The review covers the plant's morphology, chemical composition, traditional uses, and scientific research on its pharmacological activities, such as antibacterial, antifungal, anti-schistosomal, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, immunomodulatory, cardiovascular, and gastroprotective properties. The article highlights the potential of N. sativa as a natural remedy and its role in modern and traditional medicine.The article provides a comprehensive review of the therapeutic potential of *Nigella sativa* (N. sativa), a widely used medicinal plant in various traditional systems of medicine. N. sativa, also known as black seed, has been extensively studied for its wide range of pharmacological actions, including antihypertensive, liver tonic, diuretic, digestive, anti-diarrheal, appetite stimulant, analgesic, anti-bacterial, and skin disorder treatments. The primary active component responsible for many of its therapeutic effects is thymoquinone (TQ), a major constituent of the essential oil. The review covers the plant's morphology, chemical composition, traditional uses, and scientific research on its pharmacological activities, such as antibacterial, antifungal, anti-schistosomal, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, immunomodulatory, cardiovascular, and gastroprotective properties. The article highlights the potential of N. sativa as a natural remedy and its role in modern and traditional medicine.