The article presents a comprehensive assembly of the domestic cow, Bos taurus, genome using a combination of hierarchical and whole-genome shotgun sequencing methods. The authors assembled 35 million sequence reads into an assembly of 2.86 billion base pairs, which is more complete and accurate than previous assemblies. Key improvements include closing thousands of gaps, correcting erroneous inversions, deletions, and translocations, and reducing single-nucleotide errors. The assembly is placed onto 30 B. taurus chromosomes, with approximately 91% of the genome anchored to the chromosomes. The authors also constructed a new cow-human synteny map and identified a portion of the B. taurus Y chromosome. The improved assembly provides a valuable resource for future research in genetics and comparative genomics.The article presents a comprehensive assembly of the domestic cow, Bos taurus, genome using a combination of hierarchical and whole-genome shotgun sequencing methods. The authors assembled 35 million sequence reads into an assembly of 2.86 billion base pairs, which is more complete and accurate than previous assemblies. Key improvements include closing thousands of gaps, correcting erroneous inversions, deletions, and translocations, and reducing single-nucleotide errors. The assembly is placed onto 30 B. taurus chromosomes, with approximately 91% of the genome anchored to the chromosomes. The authors also constructed a new cow-human synteny map and identified a portion of the B. taurus Y chromosome. The improved assembly provides a valuable resource for future research in genetics and comparative genomics.