The article discusses the feasibility of decentralized, electrified, and decarbonized ammonia production using wind and photovoltaic (PV) energy. It highlights the need for energy-efficient technologies to compete with the traditional methane-fed Haber–Bosch process. The study uses techno-economic and distribution optimization models to assess the viability of ammonia production systems driven by renewable energy. Key findings include the importance of energy efficiency, capital costs, and natural gas prices in determining the economic and environmental viability of ammonia production. The analysis shows that high-efficiency electrochemical systems can compete with traditional methods even at lower natural gas prices, while low- and medium-efficiency systems require higher natural gas prices to be viable. The study also emphasizes the need to reduce water stress in ammonia production regions, which can be achieved through optimized location selection and distribution networks. The results indicate that decentralized ammonia production driven by wind and PV energy can significantly reduce transportation distances and costs, while also minimizing water stress. The study concludes that improving energy efficiency and reducing capital costs are critical for the success of renewable-driven ammonia production. Additionally, the analysis highlights the importance of policy and investment strategies to support the development of sustainable ammonia production technologies. The study also addresses the challenges of water availability and the need for integrated approaches to ensure the sustainability of ammonia production. Overall, the research provides insights into the potential of renewable energy-driven ammonia production to achieve decarbonization and decentralization in the chemical industry.The article discusses the feasibility of decentralized, electrified, and decarbonized ammonia production using wind and photovoltaic (PV) energy. It highlights the need for energy-efficient technologies to compete with the traditional methane-fed Haber–Bosch process. The study uses techno-economic and distribution optimization models to assess the viability of ammonia production systems driven by renewable energy. Key findings include the importance of energy efficiency, capital costs, and natural gas prices in determining the economic and environmental viability of ammonia production. The analysis shows that high-efficiency electrochemical systems can compete with traditional methods even at lower natural gas prices, while low- and medium-efficiency systems require higher natural gas prices to be viable. The study also emphasizes the need to reduce water stress in ammonia production regions, which can be achieved through optimized location selection and distribution networks. The results indicate that decentralized ammonia production driven by wind and PV energy can significantly reduce transportation distances and costs, while also minimizing water stress. The study concludes that improving energy efficiency and reducing capital costs are critical for the success of renewable-driven ammonia production. Additionally, the analysis highlights the importance of policy and investment strategies to support the development of sustainable ammonia production technologies. The study also addresses the challenges of water availability and the need for integrated approaches to ensure the sustainability of ammonia production. Overall, the research provides insights into the potential of renewable energy-driven ammonia production to achieve decarbonization and decentralization in the chemical industry.