This study investigates the piezo-photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin using BiFeO₃/carbon-dots (CQDs) composites. The BiFeO₃/CQDs nano composites were synthesized via a solvothermal method, with CQDs enhancing visible light absorption and promoting the separation of photoinduced electron-hole pairs. The piezoelectric properties of BiFeO₃ further suppress the recombination of these pairs, leading to improved degradation efficiency. The BiFeO₃/C-0.12 composite exhibited the highest degradation efficiency (k-value of 0.0835 min⁻¹). The catalysts showed enhanced catalytic activity in both photocatalysis and piezo-photocatalysis, with the piezoelectric effect significantly boosting the reaction rates. The CQDs not only increased the surface area and adsorption capacity but also facilitated the generation of reactive species such as •OH and •O₂⁻. The degradation mechanisms were analyzed using various techniques, including XRD, Raman, SEM, TEM, and XPS. The results indicated that the BiFeO₃/C-0.12 composite had the lowest recombination probability of photoinduced electron-hole pairs, leading to higher degradation efficiency. The study also explored the effects of catalyst concentration, initial ciprofloxacin concentration, and ultrasonic frequency on degradation efficiency, finding that the optimal conditions for piezo-photocatalytic degradation were a catalyst concentration of 150 mg/L, an initial ciprofloxacin concentration of 60 mg/L, and an ultrasonic frequency of 45 kHz. The BiFeO₃/C-0.12 composite demonstrated excellent stability and efficiency in the degradation process, making it a promising candidate for environmental remediation applications.This study investigates the piezo-photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin using BiFeO₃/carbon-dots (CQDs) composites. The BiFeO₃/CQDs nano composites were synthesized via a solvothermal method, with CQDs enhancing visible light absorption and promoting the separation of photoinduced electron-hole pairs. The piezoelectric properties of BiFeO₃ further suppress the recombination of these pairs, leading to improved degradation efficiency. The BiFeO₃/C-0.12 composite exhibited the highest degradation efficiency (k-value of 0.0835 min⁻¹). The catalysts showed enhanced catalytic activity in both photocatalysis and piezo-photocatalysis, with the piezoelectric effect significantly boosting the reaction rates. The CQDs not only increased the surface area and adsorption capacity but also facilitated the generation of reactive species such as •OH and •O₂⁻. The degradation mechanisms were analyzed using various techniques, including XRD, Raman, SEM, TEM, and XPS. The results indicated that the BiFeO₃/C-0.12 composite had the lowest recombination probability of photoinduced electron-hole pairs, leading to higher degradation efficiency. The study also explored the effects of catalyst concentration, initial ciprofloxacin concentration, and ultrasonic frequency on degradation efficiency, finding that the optimal conditions for piezo-photocatalytic degradation were a catalyst concentration of 150 mg/L, an initial ciprofloxacin concentration of 60 mg/L, and an ultrasonic frequency of 45 kHz. The BiFeO₃/C-0.12 composite demonstrated excellent stability and efficiency in the degradation process, making it a promising candidate for environmental remediation applications.