Agriculture is a major land use globally, with significant areas dedicated to crops, grazing, and forestry. Climate change poses a critical threat to agricultural systems, necessitating adaptation strategies to mitigate its impacts. The paper outlines various adaptation options for different agricultural systems, including cropping, livestock, forestry, and fisheries. These options include altering crop varieties, adjusting irrigation practices, diversifying income sources, and improving pest and disease management. The study emphasizes the importance of integrating climate change adaptation with other risk factors and policy domains to ensure effective and sustainable solutions. Adaptation strategies are most effective under moderate climate change but may be limited under severe conditions. Therefore, systemic changes in resource allocation, such as livelihood diversification, are needed. The paper also highlights the importance of science adapting to remain relevant, with a focus on integrated rather than disciplinary research. A crucial component of this approach is the implementation of adaptation assessment frameworks that are relevant, robust, and easily operated by all stakeholders. The paper discusses the need for a comprehensive and dynamic policy approach that addresses various scales and issues, from individual farmer awareness to the establishment of efficient markets. It also emphasizes the importance of participatory research to ensure that adaptation options are practical and aligned with the needs of stakeholders. The study concludes that adapting agriculture to climate change will require a systemic approach, integrating climate change risk with a broader risk management framework, and focusing on resilience and sustainability. This includes developing more resilient agricultural systems, considering socioeconomic and cultural factors, and addressing uncertainties in climate and policy drivers. The paper calls for continued research and collaboration to enhance adaptation strategies and ensure effective responses to climate change.Agriculture is a major land use globally, with significant areas dedicated to crops, grazing, and forestry. Climate change poses a critical threat to agricultural systems, necessitating adaptation strategies to mitigate its impacts. The paper outlines various adaptation options for different agricultural systems, including cropping, livestock, forestry, and fisheries. These options include altering crop varieties, adjusting irrigation practices, diversifying income sources, and improving pest and disease management. The study emphasizes the importance of integrating climate change adaptation with other risk factors and policy domains to ensure effective and sustainable solutions. Adaptation strategies are most effective under moderate climate change but may be limited under severe conditions. Therefore, systemic changes in resource allocation, such as livelihood diversification, are needed. The paper also highlights the importance of science adapting to remain relevant, with a focus on integrated rather than disciplinary research. A crucial component of this approach is the implementation of adaptation assessment frameworks that are relevant, robust, and easily operated by all stakeholders. The paper discusses the need for a comprehensive and dynamic policy approach that addresses various scales and issues, from individual farmer awareness to the establishment of efficient markets. It also emphasizes the importance of participatory research to ensure that adaptation options are practical and aligned with the needs of stakeholders. The study concludes that adapting agriculture to climate change will require a systemic approach, integrating climate change risk with a broader risk management framework, and focusing on resilience and sustainability. This includes developing more resilient agricultural systems, considering socioeconomic and cultural factors, and addressing uncertainties in climate and policy drivers. The paper calls for continued research and collaboration to enhance adaptation strategies and ensure effective responses to climate change.