Adaptive Protocols for Information Dissemination in Wireless Sensor Networks

Adaptive Protocols for Information Dissemination in Wireless Sensor Networks

1999 | Wendi Rabiner Heinzelman, Joanna Kulik, and Hari Balakrishnan
This paper introduces SPIN (Sensor Protocols for Information via Negotiation), a family of adaptive protocols designed to efficiently disseminate information among sensors in energy-constrained wireless sensor networks. SPIN nodes use metadata to name and negotiate data transmissions, eliminating redundant data and reducing energy consumption. The protocols are resource-aware, allowing nodes to adapt their communication based on available energy. Two specific SPIN protocols, SPIN-1 and SPIN-2, are detailed and compared with other approaches, including classic flooding, gossiping, and an ideal protocol. Simulations show that SPIN-1 reduces energy consumption by a factor of 3.5 compared to flooding while disseminating data almost as quickly as theoretically possible. SPIN-2, which includes a threshold-based resource-awareness mechanism, delivers 60% more data per unit energy than flooding and approaches the theoretical optimum. The paper also discusses related work and concludes that SPIN effectively addresses the implosion and overlap problems, is simple and efficient, and performs well in terms of data dissemination and energy usage.This paper introduces SPIN (Sensor Protocols for Information via Negotiation), a family of adaptive protocols designed to efficiently disseminate information among sensors in energy-constrained wireless sensor networks. SPIN nodes use metadata to name and negotiate data transmissions, eliminating redundant data and reducing energy consumption. The protocols are resource-aware, allowing nodes to adapt their communication based on available energy. Two specific SPIN protocols, SPIN-1 and SPIN-2, are detailed and compared with other approaches, including classic flooding, gossiping, and an ideal protocol. Simulations show that SPIN-1 reduces energy consumption by a factor of 3.5 compared to flooding while disseminating data almost as quickly as theoretically possible. SPIN-2, which includes a threshold-based resource-awareness mechanism, delivers 60% more data per unit energy than flooding and approaches the theoretical optimum. The paper also discusses related work and concludes that SPIN effectively addresses the implosion and overlap problems, is simple and efficient, and performs well in terms of data dissemination and energy usage.
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