2011 February ; 11(2): 85–97. doi:10.1038/nri2921. | Noriyuki Ouchi, Jennifer L. Parker, Jesse J. Lugus, and Kenneth Walsh
The article reviews the role of adipokines in inflammation and metabolic diseases associated with obesity. Adipose tissue, which functions as an endocrine organ, releases various bioactive substances called adipokines that have both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory activities. Dysregulation of these adipokines due to adipose tissue dysfunction can contribute to the development of obesity-linked complications. The review discusses the clinical observations linking obesity to chronic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction, the concept of adipokines, and the infiltration of immune cells into adipose tissue. It also details the roles of specific adipokines, such as leptin, resistin, RBP4, lipocalin 2, ANGPTL2, TNF, IL-6, IL-18, CCL2, CXCL5, NAMPT, adiponectin, and sFRP5, in inflammation and metabolic regulation. The article highlights the importance of understanding the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory adipokines in preventing and treating obesity-related metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.The article reviews the role of adipokines in inflammation and metabolic diseases associated with obesity. Adipose tissue, which functions as an endocrine organ, releases various bioactive substances called adipokines that have both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory activities. Dysregulation of these adipokines due to adipose tissue dysfunction can contribute to the development of obesity-linked complications. The review discusses the clinical observations linking obesity to chronic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction, the concept of adipokines, and the infiltration of immune cells into adipose tissue. It also details the roles of specific adipokines, such as leptin, resistin, RBP4, lipocalin 2, ANGPTL2, TNF, IL-6, IL-18, CCL2, CXCL5, NAMPT, adiponectin, and sFRP5, in inflammation and metabolic regulation. The article highlights the importance of understanding the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory adipokines in preventing and treating obesity-related metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.