This review provides an overview of advanced materials for ammonia (NH₃) capture, focusing on interaction sites and transport pathways. It discusses the classification, working principles, design ideas, and structure-property relationships of materials for NH₃ capture. The review highlights challenges and promising directions for NH₃ capture. Ammonia is a carbon-free, hydrogen-rich chemical related to global food safety, clean energy, and environmental protection. NH₃ capture is essential for addressing these issues, and four typical methods are used: solvent absorption by ionic liquids and their derivatives, adsorption by porous solids, abadsorption by porous liquids, and membrane separation. Traditional technologies for NH₃ capture involve physical condensation and water/acid scrubbing, but these methods are energy-intensive and produce secondary pollution. Advanced materials, including ionic liquids (ILs), crystalline porous materials (CPMs), porous organic polymers (POPs), and their composites, have been developed for NH₃ capture. However, most reviews focus on a single topic, such as ILs for NH₃ absorption or MOFs for NH₃ adsorption. This review aims to provide a coherent overview of the design of different materials, their interactions with NH₃ molecules, and the construction of transport pathways. Functional solvents, porous solids, porous liquids, and emerging membranes are discussed, along with their working principles and evaluated parameters. Recent advancements in these materials are reviewed in detail. Functional solvents, including ILs and deep eutectic solvents (DESs), have been introduced due to their structural tunability, negligible vapor pressure, and lower energy consumption compared to traditional solvents. Porous solids, including conventional inorganic porous materials (CIPMs), porous organic polymers (POPs), crystalline porous materials (CPMs), and composite adsorbents, have been proposed, and their performances have been analyzed based on pore properties and interaction site types. Porous liquids (PLs) have been proposed as an important direction for NH₃ ab-adsorption. Emerging organic, inorganic, and hybrid membranes for NH₃ separation and their gas separation performance are discussed, but they face challenges in meeting industrial demands and long-term stability. The review also discusses the working principles of NH₃ capture materials, including absorbents, adsorbents, ab-adsorbents, and membrane materials. The design and development of these materials are important for achieving efficient NH₃ capture. Excellent NH₃-capturing materials require two features: rich specific sites for interaction with NH₃ molecules and transport pathways for modulable diffusion channels. The review discusses the four types of NH₃ capture materials: absorbents (functional solvents), adsorbents (porous solids), ab-adsorbents (porous liquids), and membrane materials. Functional solvents utilize gas with different solubilities in liquid solvents to achieve selective NH₃ absorption.This review provides an overview of advanced materials for ammonia (NH₃) capture, focusing on interaction sites and transport pathways. It discusses the classification, working principles, design ideas, and structure-property relationships of materials for NH₃ capture. The review highlights challenges and promising directions for NH₃ capture. Ammonia is a carbon-free, hydrogen-rich chemical related to global food safety, clean energy, and environmental protection. NH₃ capture is essential for addressing these issues, and four typical methods are used: solvent absorption by ionic liquids and their derivatives, adsorption by porous solids, abadsorption by porous liquids, and membrane separation. Traditional technologies for NH₃ capture involve physical condensation and water/acid scrubbing, but these methods are energy-intensive and produce secondary pollution. Advanced materials, including ionic liquids (ILs), crystalline porous materials (CPMs), porous organic polymers (POPs), and their composites, have been developed for NH₃ capture. However, most reviews focus on a single topic, such as ILs for NH₃ absorption or MOFs for NH₃ adsorption. This review aims to provide a coherent overview of the design of different materials, their interactions with NH₃ molecules, and the construction of transport pathways. Functional solvents, porous solids, porous liquids, and emerging membranes are discussed, along with their working principles and evaluated parameters. Recent advancements in these materials are reviewed in detail. Functional solvents, including ILs and deep eutectic solvents (DESs), have been introduced due to their structural tunability, negligible vapor pressure, and lower energy consumption compared to traditional solvents. Porous solids, including conventional inorganic porous materials (CIPMs), porous organic polymers (POPs), crystalline porous materials (CPMs), and composite adsorbents, have been proposed, and their performances have been analyzed based on pore properties and interaction site types. Porous liquids (PLs) have been proposed as an important direction for NH₃ ab-adsorption. Emerging organic, inorganic, and hybrid membranes for NH₃ separation and their gas separation performance are discussed, but they face challenges in meeting industrial demands and long-term stability. The review also discusses the working principles of NH₃ capture materials, including absorbents, adsorbents, ab-adsorbents, and membrane materials. The design and development of these materials are important for achieving efficient NH₃ capture. Excellent NH₃-capturing materials require two features: rich specific sites for interaction with NH₃ molecules and transport pathways for modulable diffusion channels. The review discusses the four types of NH₃ capture materials: absorbents (functional solvents), adsorbents (porous solids), ab-adsorbents (porous liquids), and membrane materials. Functional solvents utilize gas with different solubilities in liquid solvents to achieve selective NH₃ absorption.