The article "Advanced design of triboelectric nanogenerators for future eco-smart cities" by Yun Tang, Hong Fu, and Bingang Xu reviews the recent advancements and applications of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) in the context of eco-smart cities. Eco-smart cities integrate ecological principles with smart information technologies to create sustainable, efficient, and harmonious urban environments. TENGs, known for their self-powered, customizable, and multi-scenario capabilities, are well-positioned to support various aspects of eco-smart cities, including renewable energy supply, human-machine interaction, intelligent healthcare, transportation, agriculture, industry, and environmental protection. The review highlights the latest developments in TENG materials, architectures, working modes, and contact modes, emphasizing their suitability for diverse living scenarios. Key applications include: 1. **Renewable Energy Supply**: TENGs can harvest energy from water, wind, solar, and raindrop sources, contributing to sustainable urban energy systems. 2. **Human-Machine Interaction**: TENGs enable wireless control of household appliances, human motion recognition, touch and speech recognition, enhancing smart home and human-computer interaction. 3. **Intelligent Healthcare**: TENGs are used in wearable sensors for health monitoring, rehabilitation, and medical treatments, improving patient care and reducing resource waste. 4. **Transportation**: TENGs assist in wireless traffic control, violation detection, and intelligent driving systems, enhancing urban mobility. 5. **Agriculture**: TENGs support smart farm monitoring systems, crop health monitoring, and environmental protection, promoting sustainable agricultural practices. 6. **Industry**: TENGs are utilized in industrial cooling, mechanical condition monitoring, and equipment frequency control, improving operational efficiency. 7. **Environmental Protection**: TENGs help in wastewater purification and air filtration, contributing to cleaner urban environments. The article also discusses the working principles of TENGs, including the triboelectric effect and electrostatic induction, and provides detailed examples of TENG-based devices and systems in various applications. The review aims to promote the utilization of TENGs in smart ecological cities and provide guidance for their construction in future smart and eco-cities.The article "Advanced design of triboelectric nanogenerators for future eco-smart cities" by Yun Tang, Hong Fu, and Bingang Xu reviews the recent advancements and applications of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) in the context of eco-smart cities. Eco-smart cities integrate ecological principles with smart information technologies to create sustainable, efficient, and harmonious urban environments. TENGs, known for their self-powered, customizable, and multi-scenario capabilities, are well-positioned to support various aspects of eco-smart cities, including renewable energy supply, human-machine interaction, intelligent healthcare, transportation, agriculture, industry, and environmental protection. The review highlights the latest developments in TENG materials, architectures, working modes, and contact modes, emphasizing their suitability for diverse living scenarios. Key applications include: 1. **Renewable Energy Supply**: TENGs can harvest energy from water, wind, solar, and raindrop sources, contributing to sustainable urban energy systems. 2. **Human-Machine Interaction**: TENGs enable wireless control of household appliances, human motion recognition, touch and speech recognition, enhancing smart home and human-computer interaction. 3. **Intelligent Healthcare**: TENGs are used in wearable sensors for health monitoring, rehabilitation, and medical treatments, improving patient care and reducing resource waste. 4. **Transportation**: TENGs assist in wireless traffic control, violation detection, and intelligent driving systems, enhancing urban mobility. 5. **Agriculture**: TENGs support smart farm monitoring systems, crop health monitoring, and environmental protection, promoting sustainable agricultural practices. 6. **Industry**: TENGs are utilized in industrial cooling, mechanical condition monitoring, and equipment frequency control, improving operational efficiency. 7. **Environmental Protection**: TENGs help in wastewater purification and air filtration, contributing to cleaner urban environments. The article also discusses the working principles of TENGs, including the triboelectric effect and electrostatic induction, and provides detailed examples of TENG-based devices and systems in various applications. The review aims to promote the utilization of TENGs in smart ecological cities and provide guidance for their construction in future smart and eco-cities.