7 May 2013 | Yanguang Li, Ming Gong, Yongye Liang, Ju Feng, Ji-Eun Kim, Hailiang Wang, Guosong Hong, Bo Zhang & Hongjie Dai
This article presents advanced zinc-air batteries using high-performance hybrid electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The cathode of these batteries employs a CoO/carbon nanotube (CNT) hybrid as an ORR catalyst and a Ni-Fe-layered double hydroxide (NiFe LDH)/CNT hybrid as an OER catalyst. These catalysts outperform traditional precious metal catalysts (Pt and Ir) in terms of catalytic activity and durability in concentrated alkaline electrolytes. The primary Zn-air battery achieved a high discharge peak power density of ~265 mW cm⁻², current density of ~200 mA cm⁻² at 1 V, and energy density >700 Wh kg⁻¹. Rechargeable Zn-air batteries in a tri-electrode configuration exhibited a small charge-discharge voltage polarization of ~0.70 V at 20 mA cm⁻², high reversibility, and stability over long cycles.
Zn-air batteries are promising for energy storage due to their high energy and power density, safety, and economic viability. However, the development of rechargeable Zn-air batteries has been hindered by the lack of efficient and robust air catalysts and Zn anodes with high cyclability. The hybrid electrocatalysts used in this study, based on non-precious metal oxides or hydroxides, show high activity and durability for ORR and OER. The CoO/N-CNT hybrid catalyst demonstrated high ORR activity and OER activity in alkaline solutions, making it a bi-functional catalyst. The carbon-free NiFe LDH nanoplates also showed high OER activity in alkaline solutions.
The primary Zn-air battery using CoO/N-CNT as the cathode catalyst showed high current density and peak power density, and was robust with no significant voltage drop during discharge. The battery could be regenerated by replenishing the metal anode and electrolyte. The rechargeable Zn-air battery in a tri-electrode configuration showed excellent cycling stability and low charge-discharge voltage polarization, with a charge-discharge voltage gap of ~0.70 V at 20 mA cm⁻². The battery maintained high cycling stability over 200 h with a 20 h per cycle period. The energy efficiency of the battery was ~65% at 20 mA cm⁻² and ~60% at 50 mA cm⁻² due to the high activity of the electrocatalysts.
The study demonstrates the potential of hybrid electrocatalysts for advanced zinc-air batteries, with high performance and durability. The results suggest that these batteries could be ideal for portable electronics, electric vehicles, and stationary grid storage. However, challenges such as dendritic growth of Zn metal and CO₂ management remain to be addressed for practical rechargeable Zn-air batteries.This article presents advanced zinc-air batteries using high-performance hybrid electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The cathode of these batteries employs a CoO/carbon nanotube (CNT) hybrid as an ORR catalyst and a Ni-Fe-layered double hydroxide (NiFe LDH)/CNT hybrid as an OER catalyst. These catalysts outperform traditional precious metal catalysts (Pt and Ir) in terms of catalytic activity and durability in concentrated alkaline electrolytes. The primary Zn-air battery achieved a high discharge peak power density of ~265 mW cm⁻², current density of ~200 mA cm⁻² at 1 V, and energy density >700 Wh kg⁻¹. Rechargeable Zn-air batteries in a tri-electrode configuration exhibited a small charge-discharge voltage polarization of ~0.70 V at 20 mA cm⁻², high reversibility, and stability over long cycles.
Zn-air batteries are promising for energy storage due to their high energy and power density, safety, and economic viability. However, the development of rechargeable Zn-air batteries has been hindered by the lack of efficient and robust air catalysts and Zn anodes with high cyclability. The hybrid electrocatalysts used in this study, based on non-precious metal oxides or hydroxides, show high activity and durability for ORR and OER. The CoO/N-CNT hybrid catalyst demonstrated high ORR activity and OER activity in alkaline solutions, making it a bi-functional catalyst. The carbon-free NiFe LDH nanoplates also showed high OER activity in alkaline solutions.
The primary Zn-air battery using CoO/N-CNT as the cathode catalyst showed high current density and peak power density, and was robust with no significant voltage drop during discharge. The battery could be regenerated by replenishing the metal anode and electrolyte. The rechargeable Zn-air battery in a tri-electrode configuration showed excellent cycling stability and low charge-discharge voltage polarization, with a charge-discharge voltage gap of ~0.70 V at 20 mA cm⁻². The battery maintained high cycling stability over 200 h with a 20 h per cycle period. The energy efficiency of the battery was ~65% at 20 mA cm⁻² and ~60% at 50 mA cm⁻² due to the high activity of the electrocatalysts.
The study demonstrates the potential of hybrid electrocatalysts for advanced zinc-air batteries, with high performance and durability. The results suggest that these batteries could be ideal for portable electronics, electric vehicles, and stationary grid storage. However, challenges such as dendritic growth of Zn metal and CO₂ management remain to be addressed for practical rechargeable Zn-air batteries.