The article reviews the current state of flavonoid research, focusing on their sources, biological activities, and developmental prospects. Flavonoids, a diverse group of compounds found in various plant parts, exhibit a wide range of pharmacological activities and are potential therapeutic agents for infectious and non-communicable diseases. The review highlights the importance of flavonoids in drug development due to their natural occurrence and low side effects. Flavonoids can be derived from plant extraction, chemical synthesis, and biosynthesis, with the latter being the most promising direction for new drug discovery. The article discusses the challenges and advancements in flavonoid extraction methods, chemical modifications, and biosynthesis pathways. It also explores the biological activities of flavonoids, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-anxiety, cardiovascular protective, antidiabetic, antibacterial, and therapeutic effects on fatty liver and pulmonary fibrosis. Additionally, the review covers the potential of flavonoids in treating Alzheimer's disease and their role in modulating hormone levels. The article emphasizes the need for further research to address the limitations of flavonoid biosynthesis and to optimize their therapeutic applications.The article reviews the current state of flavonoid research, focusing on their sources, biological activities, and developmental prospects. Flavonoids, a diverse group of compounds found in various plant parts, exhibit a wide range of pharmacological activities and are potential therapeutic agents for infectious and non-communicable diseases. The review highlights the importance of flavonoids in drug development due to their natural occurrence and low side effects. Flavonoids can be derived from plant extraction, chemical synthesis, and biosynthesis, with the latter being the most promising direction for new drug discovery. The article discusses the challenges and advancements in flavonoid extraction methods, chemical modifications, and biosynthesis pathways. It also explores the biological activities of flavonoids, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-anxiety, cardiovascular protective, antidiabetic, antibacterial, and therapeutic effects on fatty liver and pulmonary fibrosis. Additionally, the review covers the potential of flavonoids in treating Alzheimer's disease and their role in modulating hormone levels. The article emphasizes the need for further research to address the limitations of flavonoid biosynthesis and to optimize their therapeutic applications.